Mastrogiovanni, S., Laghi, D., Gray, R. , Caneva Santoro, G., Ghosh, A., Karathanasis, C., Leyde, K., Steer, D. A., Perries, S. and Pierra, G. (2023) Joint population and cosmological properties inference with gravitational waves standard sirens and galaxy surveys. Physical Review D, 108(4), 042002. (doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.108.042002)
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Abstract
Gravitational wave (GW) sources at cosmological distances can be used to probe the expansion rate of the Universe. GWs directly provide a distance estimation of the source but no direct information on its redshift. The optimal scenario to obtain a redshift is through the direct identification of an electromagnetic (EM) counterpart and its host galaxy. With almost 100 GW sources detected without EM counterparts (dark sirens), it is becoming crucial to have statistical techniques able to perform cosmological studies in the absence of EM emission. Currently, only two techniques for dark sirens are used on GW observations; the spectral siren method, which is based on the source-frame mass distribution to estimate conjointly cosmology and the source’s merger rate, and the galaxy survey method, which uses galaxy surveys to assign a probabilistic redshift to the source while fitting cosmology. It has been recognized, however, that these two methods are two sides of the same coin. In this paper, we present a novel approach to unify these two methods. We apply this approach to several observed GW events using the glade+ galaxy catalog discussing limiting cases. We provide estimates of the Hubble constant, modified gravity propagation effects, and population properties for binary black holes. We also estimate the binary black hole merger rate per galaxy to be 10−6–10−5 yr−1 depending on the galaxy catalog hypotheses.
| Item Type: | Articles |
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| Additional Information: | The authors are grateful for computational resources provided by the LIGO Laboratory and supported by National Science Foundation Grants PHY-0757058 and PHY-0823459. This research has made use of data or software obtained from the Gravitational Wave Open Science Center (gwosc.org), a service of LIGO Laboratory, the LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, and KAGRA. LIGO Laboratory and Advanced LIGO are funded by the United States National Science Foundation (NSF) as well as the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) of the United Kingdom, the Max-Planck-Society (MPS), and the State of Niedersachsen/ Germany for support of the construction of Advanced LIGO and construction and operation of the GEO600 detector. Additional support for Advanced LIGO was provided by the Australian Research Council. Virgo is funded, through the European Gravitational Observatory (EGO), by the French Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) and the Dutch Nikhef, with contributions by institutions from Belgium, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Japan, Monaco, Poland, Portugal, Spain. KAGRA is supported by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) in Japan; National Research Foundation (NRF) and Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) in Korea; Academia Sinica (AS) and National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) in Taiwan. This material is based upon work supported by NSF’s LIGO Laboratory which is a major facility fully funded by the National Science Foundation. The research of AG is supported by the Ghent University BOF project BOF/STA/202009/040 and the Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) iBOF project BOF20/IBF/124. RG was supported by ERC starting grant SHADE 949572 and STFC grant ST/V005634/1. |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Gray, Dr Rachel |
| Authors: | Mastrogiovanni, S., Laghi, D., Gray, R., Caneva Santoro, G., Ghosh, A., Karathanasis, C., Leyde, K., Steer, D. A., Perries, S., and Pierra, G. |
| College/School: | College of Science and Engineering > School of Physics and Astronomy |
| Research Centre: | College of Science and Engineering > School of Physics and Astronomy > Institute for Gravitational Research |
| Journal Name: | Physical Review D |
| Publisher: | American Physical Society |
| ISSN: | 1550-7998 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1550-2368 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2023 American Physical Society |
| First Published: | First published in Physical Review D 108(4):042002 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher |
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