Mangion, K. et al. (2023) Post-COVID-19 illness and associations with sex and gender. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 23, 389. (doi: 10.1186/s12872-023-03412-7) (PMID:37553628) (PMCID:PMC10408208)
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Abstract
Background: Post-COVID-19 syndromes have associated with female sex, but the pathophysiological basis is uncertain. Aim: There are sex differences in myocardial inflammation identified using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in post-COVID-19 patients, and in patient reported health outcomes following COVID-19 infection. Design: This prospective study investigated the time-course of multiorgan injury in survivors of COVID-19 during convalescence. Methods: Clinical information, blood biomarkers, and patient reported outcome measures were prospectively acquired at enrolment (visit 1) and 28–60 days post-discharge (visit 2). Chest computed tomography (CT) and CMR were performed at visit 2. Follow-up was carried out for serious adverse events, including death and rehospitalization. Results: Sixty-nine (43%) of 159 patients recruited were female. During the index admission, females had a lower peak C-reactive protein (74 mg/l (21,163) versus 123 mg/l (70, 192) p = 0.008) and peak ferritin (229 μg/l (103, 551) versus 514 μg/l (228, 1122) p < 0.001). Using the Modified Lake-Louise criteria, females were more likely to have definite evidence of myocardial inflammation (54% (37/68) versus 33% (30/90) p = 0.003). At enrolment and 28–60 days post-discharge, enhanced illness perception, higher levels of anxiety and depression and lower predicted maximal oxygen utilization occurred more commonly in women. The mean (SD, range) duration of follow-up after hospital discharge was 450 (88) days (range 290, 627 days). Compared to men, women had lower rates of cardiovascular hospitalization (0% versus 8% (7/90); p = 0.018). Conclusions: Women demonstrated worse patient reported outcome measures at index admission and 28–60 days follow-up though cardiovascular hospitalization was lower.
| Item Type: | Articles |
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| Additional Information: | This was an investigator-initiated clinical study that was funded by the Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government (COV/GLA/Portfolio project number 311300). C.B, C.D., N.S., R.M.T. were supported by the British Heart Foundation (RE/18/6134217). The study was co-sponsored by NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde Health Board and the University of Glasgow |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Berry, Professor Colin and Kamdar, Anna and McConnachie, Professor Alex and Delles, Professor Christian and Connelly, Dr Paul and Gillespie, Dr Lynsey and Allwood-Spiers, Sarah and Hall Barrientos, Dr Pauline and Roditi, Dr Giles and Gibson, Dr Vivienne and Mangion, Dr Kenneth and Sattar, Professor Naveed and Sykes, Dr Robert and Morrow, Dr Andrew and Bagot, Dr Catherine |
| Authors: | Mangion, K., Morrow, A. J., Sykes, R., Kamdar, A., Bagot, C., Bruce, G., Connelly, P., Delles, C., Gibson, V. B., Gillespie, L., Hall Barrientos, P., Lennie, V., Roditi, G., Sattar, N., Stobo, D., Allwood-Spiers, S., McConnachie, A., Berry, C., and CISCO-19 investigators, |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > Robertson Centre College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing |
| Journal Name: | BMC Cardiovascular Disorders |
| Publisher: | BioMed Central |
| ISSN: | 1471-2261 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1471-2261 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2023 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in BMC Cardiovascular Disorders 23: 389 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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