Brucellosis in low-income and middle-income countries

Rubach, M.P., Halliday, J.E.B. , Cleaveland, S. and Crump, J.A. (2013) Brucellosis in low-income and middle-income countries. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, 26(5), pp. 404-412. (doi: 10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283638104) (PMID:23963260) (PMCID:PMC3888775)

Full text not currently available from Enlighten.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Human brucellosis is a neglected, underrecognized infection of widespread geographic distribution. It causes acute febrile illness and a potentially debilitating chronic infection in humans, and livestock infection has substantial socioeconomic impact. This review describes new information regarding the epidemiology of brucellosis in the developing world and advances in diagnosis and treatment.<p></p> Recent findings: The highest recorded incidence of human brucellosis occurs in the Middle East and Central Asia. Fever etiology studies demonstrate brucellosis as a cause of undifferentiated febrile illness in the developing world. Brucellosis is a rare cause of fever among returning travelers, but is more common among travelers returning from the Middle East and North Africa. Sensitive and specific rapid diagnostic tests appropriate for resource-limited settings have been validated. Randomized controlled trials demonstrate that optimal treatment for human brucellosis consists of doxycycline and an aminoglycoside. Decreasing the burden of human brucellosis requires control of animal brucellosis, but evidence to inform the design of control programs in the developing world is needed.<p></p> Summary: Brucellosis causes substantial morbidity in human and animal populations. While improvements in diagnostic options for resource-limited settings and stronger evidence for optimal therapy should enhance identification and treatment of human brucellosis, prevention of human disease through control in animals remains paramount.<p></p>

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Halliday, Dr Jo and Cleaveland, Professor Sarah
Authors: Rubach, M.P., Halliday, J.E.B., Cleaveland, S., and Crump, J.A.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine
Journal Name:Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
ISSN:0951-7375
ISSN (Online):1473-6527

University Staff: Request a correction | Enlighten Editors: Update this record

Project CodeAward NoProject NamePrincipal InvestigatorFunder's NameFunder RefLead Dept
573981Leptospirosis in Tanzania; a study of the role of rodents in an emerging public health problem.Sarah CleavelandWellcome Trust (WELLCOME)096400/Z/11/ZRI BIODIVERSITY ANIMAL HEALTH & COMPMED
518811Towards the strategic control of foot-and-mouth disease in Africa: new techniques for a neglected problemSarah CleavelandBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)BB/H009302/1RI BIODIVERSITY ANIMAL HEALTH & COMPMED