Differential restriction of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 and simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac by TRIM5alpha alleles

Ylinen, L.M.J., Keckesova, Z., Wilson, S.J. , Ranasinghe, S. and Towers, G.J. (2005) Differential restriction of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 and simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac by TRIM5alpha alleles. Journal of Virology, 79(18), pp. 11580-11587. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.79.18.11580-11587.2005)

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Abstract

Primate lentiviruses have narrow host ranges, due in part to their sensitivities to mammalian intracellular antiviral factors such as APOBEC3G and TRIM5alpha. Despite the protection provided by this innate immune system, retroviruses are able to transfer between species where they can cause disease. This is true for sooty mangabey simian immunodeficiency virus, which has transferred to humans as HIV-2 and to rhesus macaques as SIVmac, where it causes AIDS. Here we examine the sensitivities of the closely related HIV-2 and SIVmac to restriction by TRIM5alpha. We show that rhesus TRIM5alpha can restrict HIV-2 but not the closely related SIVmac. SIVmac has not completely escaped TRIM5alpha, as shown by its sensitivity to distantly related TRIM5alpha from the New World squirrel monkey. Squirrel monkey TRIM5alpha blocks SIVmac infection after DNA synthesis and is not saturable with restriction-sensitive virus-like particles. We map the determinant for TRIM5alpha sensitivity to the structure in the capsid protein that recruits CypA into HIV-1 virions. We also make an SIV, mutated at this site, which bypasses restriction in all cells tested.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Wilson, Professor Sam
Authors: Ylinen, L.M.J., Keckesova, Z., Wilson, S.J., Ranasinghe, S., and Towers, G.J.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Virus Research
Journal Name:Journal of Virology
ISSN:0022-538X
ISSN (Online):1098-5514

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