Can acetylcholinesterase activity be considered as a reliable biomarker for the assessment of cadmium-induced neurotoxicity?

Zarros, A. , Kalopita, K., Tsakiris, S. and Baillie, G. S. (2013) Can acetylcholinesterase activity be considered as a reliable biomarker for the assessment of cadmium-induced neurotoxicity? Food and Chemical Toxicology, 56, pp. 406-410. (doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.02.048) (PMID:23474324)

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Abstract

Gonçalves et al. (2012) recently reported the findings of a long-awaited study on the effects of long-term dietary-induced exposure to cadmium (Cd) on the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity of adult rodents’ brain regions. Their study can be regarded as a significant contribution to the field, as there is paucity of information on the AChE activity in brain regions following exposure to Cd. However, the Cd-induced modulation of AChE activity is an issue surrounded by controversy. We, herein, discuss and summarize the relative in vivo and in vitro experimental data, and set out to answer the straightforward question: can AChE activity be considered as a reliable biomarker for the assessment of Cd-induced neurotoxicity? At this time, we can not answer in the affirmative because of the variation in techniques used and conclusions reached. We make a plea that authors aiming to explore this potential use of brain AChE activity in the future: (a) are aware of the biases that their experimental approach might exert upon this neurochemical parameter, (b) avoid the use of anaesthesia as a mode of sacrifice and clarify its timing, (c) decide upon the use of previously-studied in vivo experimental schemes (so that they can provide comparable results), and finally, (d) identify pharmacological, biochemical and molecular approaches that are appropriate to clarify the implicated mechanism(s) through which Cd modifies AChE activity.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Baillie, Professor George and Zarros, Dr Apostolos
Authors: Zarros, A., Kalopita, K., Tsakiris, S., and Baillie, G. S.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cancer Sciences
Journal Name:Food and Chemical Toxicology
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:0278-6915
ISSN (Online):1873-6351
Published Online:05 March 2013

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