Ground-source heat pumps and underground thermal energy storage: energy for the future

Midttømme, K., Banks, D. , Kalskin Ramstad, R., Sæther, O.M. and Skarphagen, H. (2008) Ground-source heat pumps and underground thermal energy storage: energy for the future. NGU Special Publication, 11, pp. 93-98.

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Abstract

We need energy for space heating—but in most cases not where or when energy sources are available. Energy storage, which helps match energy supply and demand, has been practised for centuries, also in Norway. Energy storage systems will increase the potential of utilising renewable energy sources such as geothermal energy, solar heat and waste heat. The most frequently-used storage technology for heat and ‘coolth’ is Underground Thermal Energy Storage (UTES). The ground has proved to be an ideal medium for storing heat and cold in large quantities and over several seasons or years. UTES systems in the Nordic countries are mostly used in combination with Ground-Source Heat Pumps (GSHP). Several different UTES systems have been developed and tested. Two types of system, Aquifer (ATES) and borehole (BTES) storage, have had a general commercial breakthrough in the last decades in the Nordic countries. Today, about 15,000 GSHP systems exist in Norway extracting about 1.5 TWh heat from the ground. About 280 of the Norwegian GSHP installations are medium- to large-scale systems (> 50 kW) for commercial/public buildings and for multi-family dwellings. The two largest closed-loop GSHP systems in Europe, using boreholes as ground heat exchangers, are located in Norway.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Banks, Mr David
Authors: Midttømme, K., Banks, D., Kalskin Ramstad, R., Sæther, O.M., and Skarphagen, H.
Subjects:Q Science > QE Geology
T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
College/School:College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Systems Power and Energy
Journal Name:NGU Special Publication
Publisher:Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse
ISSN:0801–5961
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2008 Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse
First Published:First published in NGU Special Publication 77:93-98
Publisher Policy:Reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher

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