Gadkin negatively regulates cell spreading and motility via sequestration of the actin-nucleating ARP2/3 complex

Maritzen, T., Zech, T., Schmidt, M.R., Krause, E., Machesky, L.M. and Haucke, V. (2012) Gadkin negatively regulates cell spreading and motility via sequestration of the actin-nucleating ARP2/3 complex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109(26), pp. 10382-10387. (doi: 10.1073/pnas.1206468109)

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Abstract

Regulation of actin dynamics is key to many cell physiological processes, ranging from protrusion formation and control of cell shape to cellular motility, endocytosis, and vesicle movement. The actin-related protein (ARP)2/3 complex is a major actin nucleator organizing branched filament networks in lamellipodial protrusions and during cell migration downstream of nucleation-promoting factors (NPFs). Although many NPFs have been characterized in detail, only few ARP2/3 inhibitors are known. Here, we identify the trans-Golgi network (TGN)/endosomally localized adaptor protein (AP)-1-associated adaptor protein Gadkin as a negative regulator of ARP2/3 function. Loss of Gadkin is associated with a partial redistribution of ARP2/3 to the plasma membrane and with increased cell spreading and migration, phenotypes that depend on the presence of a functional ARP2/3 complex. Gadkin directly binds to ARP2/3 via a conserved tryptophan-based acidic cluster motif reminiscent of ARP2/3-binding sequences of NPFs but fails to facilitate ARP2/3-mediated actin assembly. Consistent with an inhibitory role of Gadkin on ARP2/3 function, ARP2/3 is found on motile Gadkin-containing endosomal vesicles under migration-inhibiting conditions from where it relocalizes to the plasma membrane following activation of NPFs. Together with the observation that Gadkin-mediated inhibition of cell spreading requires its binding to ARP2/3, these data indicate that Gadkin is a negative regulator of ARP2/3 function present on intracellular membranes.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Zech, Mr Tobias and Machesky, Professor Laura
Authors: Maritzen, T., Zech, T., Schmidt, M.R., Krause, E., Machesky, L.M., and Haucke, V.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cancer Sciences
Journal Name:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
ISSN:0027-8424
Published Online:11 June 2012

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