Association between circulating hemostatic measures and dementia or cognitive impairment: systematic review and meta-analyzes

Quinn, T.J. , Gallacher, J., Deary, I.J., Lowe, G.D.O., Fenton, C. and Stott, D.J. (2011) Association between circulating hemostatic measures and dementia or cognitive impairment: systematic review and meta-analyzes. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 9(8), pp. 1475-1482. (doi: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04403.x)

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Abstract

<p>Background and objectives: Hemostasis and thrombosis may be important contributors to cognitive decline and dementia. Certain blood markers may assist in diagnosis or management.</p> <p>Objectives: To collate evidence for the association of circulating hemostatic variables and dementia or cognitive impairment.</p> <p>Methods: Asystematic review of studies describing blood markers of hemostatic function and cognition/dementia. Abstracts were reviewed by two independent assessors and studies selected based on pre-specified criteria. We described methodological quality and performed meta-analyzes where data allowed.</p> <p>Results: From 7103 titles, 485 abstracts and included 21 studies (n = 32 773) were assessed. In two longitudinal studies, the incident of vascular dementia risk was greater for higher D-dimer [hazard ratio (HR): 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15-1.96]. For case-control data, we calculated standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% CI. Higher levels of: factor (F)VII (SMD: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.60-1.26), fibrinogen (SMD: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.17-1.87), prothrombin fragment 1 and 2 (SMD: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.32-0.96), plasminogen activator inhibitor (SMD: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.26-1.10), D-dimer (SMD: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.59-2.40) and von Willebrand factor (VWF) (SMD: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.30-2.06) showed modest but significant associations with vascular dementia. For patients with any dementia diagnosis, associations were with higher D-dimer (SMD: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.15-0.56) and VWF (SMD: 0.31; 95% CI: 0.11-0.51). For specific cognitive domains, significant (P < 0.001) positive correlations were fibrinogen and speed of processing (0.76; 95% CI: 0.67-0.84), verbal memory (0.69; 95% CI: 0.59-0.79) and non-verbal reasoning (0.57; 95% CI: 0.49-0.65).</p> <p>Conclusions: The present results suggest a modest association between hemostasis and vascular dementia including increased levels of thrombin generation markers (D-dimer and prothrombin fragment 1 + 2) and endothelial dysfunction (VWF and plasminogen activator inhibitor). Associations are weaker for specific cognitive tests and when all dementias are combined.</p>

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Lowe, Professor Gordon and Fenton, Ms Candida and Stott J, Professor David and Quinn, Professor Terry
Authors: Quinn, T.J., Gallacher, J., Deary, I.J., Lowe, G.D.O., Fenton, C., and Stott, D.J.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > MRC/CSO SPHSU
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health
Journal Name:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
ISSN:1538-7933
Published Online:11 August 2011

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