Programming of Adiposity in Offspring of Mothers With Type 1 Diabetes at Age 7 Years

Lindsay, R. S. , Nelson, S. M. , Walker, J. D., Greene, S. A., Milne, G., Sattar, N. and Pearson, D. W. (2010) Programming of Adiposity in Offspring of Mothers With Type 1 Diabetes at Age 7 Years. Diabetes Care, 33(5), pp. 1080-1085. (doi: 10.2337/dc09-1766)

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE - The goals of this study were to examine the influence of maternal type 1 diabetes during pregnancy on offspring adiposity and glucose tolerance at age 7 years and to assess whether metabolic factors at birth (neonatal leptin and insulin) predict adverse outcomes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - We examined 100 offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes (OT1DM) and 45 offspring of control mothers. Mothers had previously been recruited during pregnancy, and, where possible, birth weight, umbilical cord insulin, and leptin were measured. Children were classed as overweight and obese using age-specific reference ranges. RESULTS - OT1DM had similar height (control, 1.25 +/- 0.06 m; OT1DM, 1.24 +/- 0.06 m; P = 0.81) but were heavier (control, 25.5 +/- 3.8 kg; OT1DM, 27.1 +/- 5.7 kg; P = 0.048) and had an increased BMI (control, 16.4 kg/m(2); OT1DM, 17.4 +/- 2.6 kg/m(2), P = 0.005). Waist circumference (control, 56.0 +/- 3.7 cm; OT1DM, 58 +/- 6.8 cm; P = 0.02) and sum of skinfolds were increased (control, 37.5 +/- 17.0 mm [n = 42]; OT1DM, 46.1 +/- 24.2 mm [n = 91]; P = 0.02), and there was a marked increase in the prevalence of overweight and obese children (OT1DM, 22% overweight and 12% obese; control, 0% overweight and 7% obese; chi(2) P = 0.001). Glucose tolerance was not different compared with that in control subjects. BMI at age 7 years correlated with cord leptin (OT1DM, r = 0.25; n = 61, P = 0.047), weakly with adjusted birth weight (r = 0.19; P = 0.06) and hematocrit (r = 0.25; n = 50, P = 0.07), but not cord insulin (OT1DM, r = -0.08; P = 0.54). CONCLUSIONS - OT1DM are at increased risk of overweight and obesity in childhood. This risk appears to relate, in part, to fetal leptin and hematocrit but not insulin

Item Type:Articles
Keywords:adiposity AGE BIRTH-WEIGHT BMI CARE CHILDHOOD CHILDREN CORD BLOOD DESIGN diabetes ENVIRONMENT GLUCOSE GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE HEIGHT HEMATOCRIT INCREASE INCREASED RISK insulin INTRAUTERINE HYPERGLYCEMIA METABOLIC SYNDROME Metabolism MOTHERS Obesity outcome OUTCOMES OVERWEIGHT PREGNANCY PREVALENCE Programming RISK Scotland WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE weight
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Nelson, Professor Scott and Lindsay, Dr Robert and Milne, Dr Gillian and Sattar, Professor Naveed
Authors: Lindsay, R. S., Nelson, S. M., Walker, J. D., Greene, S. A., Milne, G., Sattar, N., and Pearson, D. W.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing > Clinical Specialities
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health
Journal Name:Diabetes Care
ISSN:0149-5992

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