Vermeire, T. G., Hoet, P., Ion, R.-M., Krätke, R., Proykova, A., Scott, M. , de Jong, W. H. and SCHEER, (2024) Opinion of the Scientific Committee on health, environmental and emerging risks on the safety of titanium dioxide in toys. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 146, 105527. (doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2023.105527) (PMID:38056706)
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Abstract
The Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Health, Environmental and Emerging Risks advises the European Commission on whether the uses of titanium dioxide in toys and toy materials can be considered to be safe in light of the identified exposure, and the classification of titanium dioxide as carcinogenic category 2 after inhalation. Four toy products including casting kits, chalk, powder paints and white colour pencils containing various amounts of TiO as colouring agent were evaluated for inhalation risks. For the oral route, childrens' lip gloss/lipstick, finger paint and white colour pencils were evaluated. When it can be demonstrated with high certainty that no ultrafine fraction is present in pigmentary TiO preparations used in toys and toy materials, safe use with no or negligible risk for all products considered is indicated based on the exposure estimations of this Opinion. However, if an ultrafine fraction is assumed to be present, safe use is not indicated, except for white colour pencils. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.]
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | ** From PubMed via Jisc Publications Router ** History: received 13-10-2023; revised 06-11-2023; accepted 16-11-2023. |
| Keywords: | Titanium dioxide, Oral, Carcinogenicity, Pigment, Risk assessment, SCHEER, Toys, Inhalation |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Scott, Professor Marian |
| Creator Roles: | |
| Authors: | Vermeire, T. G., Hoet, P., Ion, R.-M., Krätke, R., Proykova, A., Scott, M., de Jong, W. H., and SCHEER, |
| College/School: | College of Science and Engineering > School of Mathematics and Statistics > Statistics |
| Journal Name: | Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology |
| Publisher: | Elsevier |
| ISSN: | 0273-2300 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1096-0295 |
| Published Online: | 04 December 2023 |
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