Eisner, D., Neher, E., Taschenberger, H. and Smith, G. (2023) Physiology of intracellular calcium buffering. Physiological Reviews, 103(4), pp. 2767-2845. (doi: 10.1152/physrev.00042.2022) (PMID:37326298)
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Abstract
Calcium signaling underlies much of physiology. Almost all the Ca2+ in the cytoplasm is bound to buffers, with typically only ∼1% being freely ionized at resting levels in most cells. Physiological Ca2+ buffers include small molecules and proteins, and experimentally Ca2+ indicators will also buffer calcium. The chemistry of interactions between Ca2+ and buffers determines the extent and speed of Ca2+ binding. The physiological effects of Ca2+ buffers are determined by the kinetics with which they bind Ca2+ and their mobility within the cell. The degree of buffering depends on factors such as the affinity for Ca2+, the Ca2+ concentration, and whether Ca2+ ions bind cooperatively. Buffering affects both the amplitude and time course of cytoplasmic Ca2+ signals as well as changes of Ca2+ concentration in organelles. It can also facilitate Ca2+ diffusion inside the cell. Ca2+ buffering affects synaptic transmission, muscle contraction, Ca2+ transport across epithelia, and the killing of bacteria. Saturation of buffers leads to synaptic facilitation and tetanic contraction in skeletal muscle and may play a role in inotropy in the heart. This review focuses on the link between buffer chemistry and function and how Ca2+ buffering affects normal physiology and the consequences of changes in disease. As well as summarizing what is known, we point out the many areas where further work is required.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | D.E. was funded by a British Heart Foundation Chair (CH/2000004/12801) and Grant FS/CRTF/21/24140. E.N.’s andH.T.’s work is supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG),Collaborative Research Center 1286“Quantitative Synaptology.” E.N. acknowledges funding by the DFG under Germany’s Excellence Strategy-EXC 2067/1-390729940. G.S. was funded by British Heart Foundation Grant PG/19/55/34545. |
| Keywords: | Physiology (medical), Molecular Biology, Physiology, General Medicine |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Smith, Professor Godfrey |
| Authors: | Eisner, D., Neher, E., Taschenberger, H., and Smith, G. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health |
| Journal Name: | Physiological Reviews |
| Publisher: | American Physiological Society |
| ISSN: | 0031-9333 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1522-1210 |
| Published Online: | 24 August 2023 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright: © 2023 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in Physiological Reviews 103(4): 2767-2845 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons licence |
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