Broadbent, P., Shen, Y., Pearce, A. and Katikireddi, S. V. (2024) Trends in inequalities in childhood overweight and obesity prevalence: a repeat cross-sectional analysis of the Health Survey for England. Archives of Disease in Childhood, (doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-325844) (PMCID:PMC10894838) (Early Online Publication)
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Abstract
Objective: To examine trends in socio-economic and ethnic inequalities in childhood overweight and obesity in the England between 1995 and 2019 in survey data and to compare these to administrative data. Design: Observational repeated cross-sectional study using the Health Survey for England (HSE) and National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP). Outcome: Age and sex standardised overweight, obesity and overweight including obesity. Analysis: Inequalities assessed by parental education, family structure, ethnicity (binary non-white vs white) and area-level Index of Multiple Deprivation. Estimates stratified by age and sex. Trends compared against NCMP data (age 4–5 and 10–11 years). Results: Prevalence of childhood overweight including obesity increased from 26.0% in 1995 to 31.7% in 2019, with the highest and fastest growing levels in those aged 11–15 years, rising from 29.7% to 38.0%. Despite a plateau in overall childhood obesity since 2004, differences between groups demonstrated widening inequalities over time. Inequalities widened by area-level deprivation, household educational attainment, household structure and ethnicity driven primarily by increased prevalence among socioeconomically disadvantaged children. For example, the gap between children from households with no qualifications versus degree-level qualifications increased from −1.1% to 13.2%, and the gap between single-parent households and couple households increased from 0.5% to 5.3%. HSE trends in prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity by deprivation quintile were consistent with those in NCMP. Conclusion: Overall levels of child overweight and obesity increased between 1995 and 2004. Since then, increases in prevalence among less advantaged groups have driven widening of inequalities.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | SVK and AP acknowledge funding from the Wellcome Trust (205412/Z/16/Z), the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00022/2) and Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU17). |
| Status: | Early Online Publication |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Katikireddi, Professor Vittal and Broadbent, Dr Philip and Pearce, Dr Anna |
| Authors: | Broadbent, P., Shen, Y., Pearce, A., and Katikireddi, S. V. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > MRC/CSO SPHSU College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing |
| Journal Name: | Archives of Disease in Childhood |
| Publisher: | BMJ Publishing Group |
| ISSN: | 0003-9888 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1468-2044 |
| Published Online: | 23 January 2024 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2023 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in Archives of Disease in Childhood 2023 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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