Reynolds number dependency of wall-bounded turbulence over a surface partially covered by barnacle clusters

Sarakinos, S. and Busse, A. (2024) Reynolds number dependency of wall-bounded turbulence over a surface partially covered by barnacle clusters. Flow, Turbulence and Combustion, 112, pp. 85-103. (doi: 10.1007/s10494-023-00495-2)

Abstract

The settlement of barnacles on a ship hull is a common form of marine biofouling. In this study, the Reynolds number dependency of turbulent flow over a surface partially covered by barnacle clusters is investigated using direct numerical simulations of turbulent channel flow at friction Reynolds numbers ranging from 180 to 720. Mean flow, Reynolds and dispersive stress statistics are evaluated and compared to the corresponding results for a generic irregular rough surface with a Gaussian height distribution. For the barnacle surface, distinctive features emerge in the velocity statistics due to the interplay between the barnacle clusters and the large, connected smooth-wall sections surrounding them. This aspect is further investigated by applying a rough-smooth decomposition to the local time-averaged flow statistics for the barnacle surface. Using this decomposition, the partial recovery of smooth-wall behaviour over the smooth sections of the barnacle surface can be observed in the Reynolds stress statistics with the streamwise Reynolds stresses exhibiting a similar behaviour as previously found for boundary layers over surfaces with a rough to smooth transition.

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: Funding This work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [grant number EP/P009638/1]. A.B. gratefully acknowledges support by a Leverhulme Research Fellowship.
• Keywords: Wall-bounded turbulence, roughness, biofouling.
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Busse, Professor Angela and Sarakinos, Dr Sotirios

Creator Roles

Sarakinos, S.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing – review and editing, Visualization
Busse, A.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Resources, Writing – original draft, Writing – review and editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition

• Authors: Sarakinos, S., and Busse, A.
• College/School: College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering; College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Systems Power and Energy
• Journal Name: Flow, Turbulence and Combustion
• Publisher: Springer
• ISSN: 1386-6184
• ISSN (Online): 1573-1987
• Published Online: 25 October 2023
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © The Author(s) 2023
• First Published: First published in Flow, Turbulence and Combustion 112: 85-103
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons License
• Data DOI: 10.5525/gla.researchdata.1508