Closing the adaptation gap in mountains

McDowell, G. et al. (2021) Closing the adaptation gap in mountains. Mountain Research and Development, 41(3), A1-A10. (doi: 10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-21-00033.1)

Abstract

Over 1 billion people are living at the frontlines of climate change in mountain areas, where warming rates outpace the global average and are driving significant changes in environments and ecosystem services. These changes are exacerbating socioeconomic difficulties faced by many mountain communities, and are already intensifying vulnerabilities across mountain areas globally. The situation is indicative of pervasive and consequential deficits in adaptation, and calls attention to the need for a better understanding of existing adaptation efforts, as well as the prospects for increasing the quantity and quality of adaptation action in mountain regions. In response, this MountainAgenda article introduces a conceptual framework for adaptation gaps. It then uses data from 2 major global-scale adaptation reviews to shed light on the nature and true magnitude of the adaptation gap in mountains. It reveals shortcomings in available adaptation options, deficits in the uptake of existing adaptation support, and a general lack of coherence between existing adaptations and keystone global agreements relevant to climate change adaptation. These shortcomings are largely related to soft limits to adaptation that constrain responses across mountain areas. In this article, we provide recommendations for closing the adaptation gap in mountains and suggest that this will require deeply collaborative efforts that are rooted in local needs, aspirations, and ways of knowing, but that are also supported by external capacity building and implementation resources. In many instances, this will resemble a transformative approach to adaptation. The conceptual framework presented here is broadly applicable and can also be utilized to identify and close adaptation gaps in social-ecological contexts beyond mountains.

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: Jiren Xu is a member of the Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative. This study was supported by the Banting Postdoctoral Fellowship program of the Canadian Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (Dr McDowell), and draws in part on a dataset produced by the Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative (GAMI).
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Xu, Dr Jiren
• Authors: McDowell, G., Stevens, M., Lesnikowski, A., Huggel, C., Harden, A., DiBella, J., Morecroft, M., Kumar, P., Joe, E., Bhatt, I. D., and the Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative,
• Subjects: G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences
• College/School: College of Social Sciences > School of Social & Environmental Sustainability
• Journal Name: Mountain Research and Development
• Publisher: International Mountain Society
• ISSN: 0276-4741
• ISSN (Online): 1994-7151
• Published Online: 14 October 2021
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2021 The Authors
• First Published: First published in Mountain Research and Development 41(3):A1-A10
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons License