Foreignness as an asset: European carbon regulation and the relocation threat among multinational firms

Bayer, P. (2023) Foreignness as an asset: European carbon regulation and the relocation threat among multinational firms. Journal of Politics, 85(4), pp. 1291-1304. (doi: 10.1086/724963)

Abstract

A central claim in the environmental regulation literature is that, in a globalized world economy, governments are willing to offer favorable regulation to firms that threaten to move their operations abroad. This logic, however, overlooks that firms’ relocation threats are not equally credible. Focusing on variation in ownership structure, I argue that, even among generally mobile multinational corporations (MNCs), their foreign operations are more credibly movable, and hence more favorably regulated, than their operations at home. MNCs’ country-specific investments into the economy and politics of their home markets drive this difference in relative mobility. An empirical analysis that relies on within-firm variation in ownership of MNCs’ production sites across European countries and original plant-level carbon regulation data strongly support my argument: foreign ownership becomes an asset for favorable regulation. These findings highlight the need to account for mobility differences among MNCs.

• Item Type: Articles
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Bayer, Professor Patrick
• Authors: Bayer, P.
• College/School: College of Social Sciences > School of Social and Political Sciences > Politics
• Journal Name: Journal of Politics
• Publisher: University of Chicago Press
• ISSN: 0022-3816
• ISSN (Online): 1468-2508
• Published Online: 08 August 2023
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2023 Southern Political Science Association
• First Published: First published in Journal of Politics 85(4):1291-1304
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced in accordance with the publisher copyright policy