Zulauf-Czaja, A., Osuagwu, B. and Vuckovic, A. (2023) Source-based EEG neurofeedback for sustained motor imagery of a single leg. Sensors, 23(12), 5601. (doi: 10.3390/s23125601)
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to test the feasibility of visual-neurofeedback-guided motor imagery (MI) of the dominant leg, based on source analysis with real-time sLORETA derived from 44 EEG channels. Ten able-bodied participants took part in two sessions: session 1 sustained MI without feedback and session 2 sustained MI of a single leg with neurofeedback. MI was performed in 20 s on and 20 s off intervals to mimic functional magnetic resonance imaging. Neurofeedback in the form of a cortical slice presenting the motor cortex was provided from a frequency band with the strongest activity during real movements. The sLORETA processing delay was 250 ms. Session 1 resulted in bilateral/contralateral activity in the 8–15 Hz band dominantly over the prefrontal cortex while session 2 resulted in ipsi/bilateral activity over the primary motor cortex, covering similar areas as during motor execution. Different frequency bands and spatial distributions in sessions with and without neurofeedback may reflect different motor strategies, most notably a larger proprioception in session 1 and operant conditioning in session 2. Single-leg MI might be used in the early phases of rehabilitation of stroke patients. Simpler visual feedback and motor cueing rather than sustained MI might further increase the intensity of cortical activation.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | This research was funded by RCUK, grant numbers EP/N509668/1 and EP/M508056/1. |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Osuagwu, Dr Bethel and Zulauf-Czaja, ANNA and Vuckovic, Dr Aleksandra |
| Creator Roles: | Zulauf-Czaja, A.Conceptualization, Software, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Project administration Osuagwu, B.Formal analysis, Writing – review and editing Vuckovic, A.Conceptualization, Writing – review and editing, Supervision |
| Authors: | Zulauf-Czaja, A., Osuagwu, B., and Vuckovic, A. |
| College/School: | College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Biomedical Engineering |
| Journal Name: | Sensors |
| Publisher: | MDPI |
| ISSN: | 1424-8220 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1424-8220 |
| Published Online: | 15 June 2023 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2023 by the authors |
| First Published: | First published in Sensors 23(12):5601 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons licence |
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