Carbonic anhydrase IX-related tumoral hypoxia predicts worse prognosis in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Numprasit, W., Yangngam, S., Prasopsiri, J., Quinn, J. A. , Edwards, J. and Thuwajit, C. (2023) Carbonic anhydrase IX-related tumoral hypoxia predicts worse prognosis in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Medicine, 10, 1087270. (doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1087270) (PMID:37007798) (PMCID:PMC10063856)

Abstract

Background: Tumoral hypoxia is associated with aggressiveness in many cancers including breast cancer. However, measuring hypoxia is complicated. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a reliable endogenous marker of hypoxia under the control of the master regulator hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). The expression of CAIX is associated with poor prognosis in many solid malignancies; however, its role in breast cancer remains controversial. Methods: The present study performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the correlation between CAIX expression and disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in breast cancer. Results: A total of 2,120 publications from EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus were screened. Of these 2,120 publications, 272 full texts were reviewed, and 27 articles were included in the meta-analysis. High CAIX was significantly associated with poor DFS (HR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.39–2.07, p < 0.00001) and OS (HR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.40–2.91, p = 0.0002) in patients with breast cancer. When stratified by subtype, the high CAIX group was clearly associated with shorter DFS (HR = 2.09, 95% CI =1.11–3.92, p = 0.02) and OS (HR = 2.50, 95% CI =1.53–4.07, p = 0.0002) in TNBC and shorter DFS in ER+ breast cancer (HR = 1.81 95% CI =1.38–2.36, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: High CAIX expression is a negative prognostic marker of breast cancer regardless of the subtypes.

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: This study received funding from the National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT) and Mahidol University (grant no. N42A650343).
• Keywords: Breast cancer, carbonic anhydrase IX, meta-analysis, prognosis, survival.
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Quinn, Dr Jean and Edwards, Professor Joanne and Numprasit, Warapan
• Authors: Numprasit, W., Yangngam, S., Prasopsiri, J., Quinn, J. A., Edwards, J., and Thuwajit, C.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cancer Sciences
• Journal Name: Frontiers in Medicine
• Publisher: Frontiers Media
• ISSN: 2296-858X
• ISSN (Online): 2296-858X
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2023 Numprasit, Yangngam, Prasopsiri, Quinn, Edwards and Thuwajit
• First Published: First published in Frontiers in Medicine 10: 1087270
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons License