Establishing co-culture blood–brain barrier models for different neurodegeneration conditions to understand its effect on BBB integrity

Park, J. S., Choe, K., Khan, A., Jo, M. H., Park, H. Y., Kang, M. H., Park, T. J. and Kim, M. O. (2023) Establishing co-culture blood–brain barrier models for different neurodegeneration conditions to understand its effect on BBB integrity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(6), 5283. (doi: 10.3390/ijms24065283)

Abstract

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a functional interface that provides selective permeability, protection from toxic substances, transport of nutrients, and clearance of brain metabolites. Additionally, BBB disruption has been shown to play a role in many neurodegenerative conditions and diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish a functional, convenient, and efficient in vitro co-cultured BBB model that can be used for several physiological conditions related to BBB disruption. Mouse brain-derived endothelial (bEnd.3) and astrocyte (C8-D1A) cells were co-cultured on transwell membranes to establish an intact and functional in vitro model. The co-cultured model and its effects on different neurological diseases and stress conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), neuroinflammation, and obesity, have been examined by transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) dextran, and tight junction protein analyses. Scanning electron microscope images showed evidence of astrocyte end-feet processes passing through the membrane of the transwell. Moreover, the co-cultured model showed effective barrier properties in the TEER, FITC, and solvent persistence and leakage tests when compared to the mono-cultured model. Additionally, the immunoblot results showed that the expression of tight junction proteins such as zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), claudin-5, and occludin-1 was enhanced in the co-culture. Lastly, under disease conditions, the BBB structural and functional integrity was decreased. The present study demonstrated that the co-cultured in vitro model mimicked the BBB’s structural and functional integrity and, under disease conditions, the co-cultured model showed similar BBB damages. Therefore, the present in vitro BBB model can be used as a convenient and efficient experimental tool to investigate a wide range of BBB-related pathological and physiological studies.

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: This research was supported by the Neurological Disorder Research Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF), funded by the Korean Government (MSIT) (2020M3E5D9080660).
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Park, Tae Ju
• Authors: Park, J. S., Choe, K., Khan, A., Jo, M. H., Park, H. Y., Kang, M. H., Park, T. J., and Kim, M. O.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cancer Sciences
• Journal Name: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
• Publisher: MDPI
• ISSN: 1661-6596
• ISSN (Online): 1422-0067
• Published Online: 09 March 2023
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2023 The Authors
• First Published: First published in International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24(6): 5283
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons License