Association of GDF15 levels with body mass index and endocrine status in β-thalassaemia

Karusheva, Y. et al. (2023) Association of GDF15 levels with body mass index and endocrine status in β-thalassaemia. Clinical Endocrinology, 99(2), pp. 182-189. (doi: 10.1111/cen.14897) (PMID:36806122)

Abstract

Objective: GDF15 has emerged as a stress-induced hormone, acting on the brain to reduce food intake and body weight while affecting neuroendocrine function. Very high GDF15 levels are found in thalassaemia, where growth, energy balance and neuroendocrine function are impaired. We examined the relationships between GDF15 and anthropometric measures and endocrine status in β-thalassaemia. Design: Cross sectional study. Patients: All β-thalassaemia patients attending the thalassaemia unit of Colombo North Teaching Hospital for blood transfusions. Measurements: Anthropometric data, appetite scores, circulating GDF15, IGF, thyroid and reproductive hormone levels in 103 β-thalassaemia patients were obtained. Results: GDF15 levels were markedly elevated in thalassaemia patients (24.2-fold with β-thalassaemia major compared with healthy controls). Among patients with β-thalassaemia major, the relationship between GDF15 and body mass index (BMI) was curvilinear with all individuals with GDF15 levels above 24,000 pg/mL having a BMI below 20 kg/m2. After adjustment for BMI, age and Tanner stage, serum IGF1 concentrations correlated negatively with GDF15 in all thalassaemia patients (β = −.027, p = .02). We found a significant positive relationship between GDF15 and gonadotropin (in both sexes) and testosterone (in males). Conclusions: GDF15 levels were markedly elevated in patients with β-thalassaemia and its association with BMI is consistent with the known effect of GDF15 to reduce body weight. The inverse association between GDF15 with IGF1 levels may reflect a neuroendocrine impact of GDF15 or an indirect effect via impaired nutritional state. The positive association with testosterone in males and gonadotropins in both sexes, was surprising and should prompt further GDF15 studies on the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis.

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: This research was supported by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (BRC-1215-20014*). Y. K. received funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) (project number 447713146), the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, and the European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). The research was funded by the MRC grants MC.UU.00014.1 and MC.UU.00014.5.
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Welsh, Professor Paul and Sattar, Professor Naveed
• Authors: Karusheva, Y., Petry, C. J., Yasara, N., Kottahachchi, D., Premawardhena, A., Barker, P., Burling, K., Sattar, N., Welsh, P., Mettananda, S., and O'Rahilly, S.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health
• Journal Name: Clinical Endocrinology
• Publisher: Wiley
• ISSN: 0300-0664
• ISSN (Online): 1365-2265
• Published Online: 21 February 2023
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2023 The Authors
• First Published: First published in Clinical Endocrinology 99(2):182-189
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons license