Modulation of haematopoiesis by protozoal and helminth parasites

Cunningham, K. T. and Mills, K. H. G. (2023) Modulation of haematopoiesis by protozoal and helminth parasites. Parasite Immunology, (doi: 10.1111/pim.12975) (PMID:36797216) (Early Online Publication)

Abstract

During inflammation, haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow (BM) and periphery rapidly expand and preferentially differentiate into myeloid cells that mediate innate immune responses. HSCs can be directed into quiescence or differentiation by sensing alterations to the haematopoietic niche, including cytokines, chemokines, and pathogen-derived products. Most studies attempting to identify the mechanisms of haematopoiesis have focused on bacterial and viral infections. From intracellular protozoan infections to large multicellular worms, parasites are a global health burden and represent major immunological challenges that remain poorly defined in the context of haematopoiesis. Immune responses to parasites vary drastically, and parasites have developed sophisticated immunomodulatory mechanisms that allow development of chronic infections. Recent advances in imaging, genomic sequencing, and mouse models have shed new light on how parasites induce unique forms of emergency haematopoiesis. In addition, parasites can modify the haematopoiesis in the BM and periphery to improve their survival in the host. Parasites can also induce long-lasting modifications to HSCs, altering future immune responses to infection, inflammation or transplantation, a term sometimes referred to as central trained immunity. In this review, we highlight the current understanding of parasite-induced haematopoiesis and how parasites target this process to promote chronic infections.

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: Funding: Science Foundation Ireland, Grant/Award Number: 16/1A/4468; Wellcome Trust.
• Status: Early Online Publication
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Cunningham, Dr Kyle
• Authors: Cunningham, K. T., and Mills, K. H. G.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity
• Journal Name: Parasite Immunology
• Publisher: Wiley
• ISSN: 0141-9838
• ISSN (Online): 1365-3024
• Published Online: 16 February 2023
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2023 The Authors
• First Published: First published in Parasite Immunology 2023
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons License