Long-term survival and cure fraction estimates for childhood cancer in Europe (EUROCARE-6): results from a population-based study

Botta, L. et al. (2022) Long-term survival and cure fraction estimates for childhood cancer in Europe (EUROCARE-6): results from a population-based study. Lancet Oncology, 23(12), pp. 1525-1536. (doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00637-4) (PMID:36400102)

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Abstract

Background: The EUROCARE-5 study revealed disparities in childhood cancer survival among European countries, giving rise to important initiatives across Europe to reduce the gap. Extending its representativeness through increased coverage of eastern European countries, the EUROCARE-6 study aimed to update survival progress across countries and years of diagnosis and provide new analytical perspectives on estimates of long-term survival and the cured fraction of patients with childhood cancer. Methods: In this population-based study, we analysed 135 847 children (aged 0–14 years) diagnosed during 2000–13 and followed up to the end of 2014, recruited from 80 population-based cancer registries in 31 European countries. We calculated age-adjusted 5-year survival differences by country and over time using period analysis, for all cancers combined and for major cancer types. We applied a variant of standard mixture cure models for survival data to estimate the cure fraction of patients by childhood cancer and to estimate projected 15-year survival. Findings: 5-year survival for all childhood cancer combined in Europe in 2010–14 was 81% (95% CI 81–82), showing an increase of three percentage points compared with 2004–06. Significant progress over time was observed for almost all cancers. Survival remained stable for osteosarcomas, Ewing sarcoma, Burkitt lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, and rhabdomyoscarcomas. For all cancers combined, inequalities still persisted among European countries (with age-adjusted 5-year survival ranging from 71% [95% CI 60–79] to 87% [77–93]). The 15-year survival projection for all patients with childhood cancer diagnosed in 2010–13 was 78%. We estimated the yearly long-term mortality rate due to causes other than the diagnosed cancer to be around 2 per 1000 patients for all childhood cancer combined, but to approach zero for retinoblastoma. The cure fraction for patients with childhood cancer increased over time from 74% (95% CI 73–75) in 1998–2001 to 80% (79–81) in 2010–13. In the latter cohort, the cure fraction rate ranged from 99% (95% CI 74–100) for retinoblastoma to 60% (58–63) for CNS tumours and reached 90% (95% CI 87–93) for lymphoid leukaemia and 70% (67–73) for acute myeloid leukaemia. Interpretation: Childhood cancer survival is increasing over time in Europe but there are still some differences among countries. Regular monitoring of childhood cancer survival and estimation of the cure fraction through population-based registry data are crucial for evaluating advances in paediatric cancer care. Funding: European Commission.

Item Type:Articles
Additional Information:Funding from the European Commission (Work Programme 2017, Grant Agreement 801520 HP-JA-2017, ‘‘Innovative Partnership for Action Against Cancer”) was used to prepare and clean the EUROCARE-6 database. The salary of LB was granted by the Italian Association of Cancer Research (AIRC) under Investigator Grant 2020 ID.24933 (Principal Investigator GG). The French national cancer registry is supported by endowments from the French National Cancer Institute (INCa), the French Agency of Public Health (Santé publique France), and the National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) and by grants from the French National Cancer Institute (INCA2014–218) and the National Agency of Research (ANR-10 COHO-0009). The Slovenian cancer registry is supported by the research programme for comprehensive cancer control SLORApro (grant number P3-0429 by Slovenian Research Agency). The work of the Estonian cancer registry was supported by the Estonian Research Council (grant number PRG722). The contribution by LDM was supported by AIRC under grant number 21879.
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Morrison, Dr David
Authors: Botta, L., Gatta, G., Capocaccia, R., Stiller, C., Cañete, A., Dal Maso, L., Innos, K., Mihor, A., Erdmann, F., Spix, C., Lacour, B., Marcos-Gragera, R., Murray, D., Rossi, S., Hackl, M., Van Eycken, E., Van Damme, N., Valerianova, Z., Sekerija, M., Scoutellas, V., Demetriou, A., Dušek, L., Krejci, D., Storm, H., Mägi, M., Innos, K., Paapsi, K., Malila, N., Pitkäniemi, J., Jooste, V., Clavel, J., Poulalhon, C., Lacour, B., Desandes, E., Monnereau, A., Erdmann, F., Spix, C., Katalinic, A., Petridou, E., Markozannes, G., Garami, M., Birgisson, H., Murray, D., Walsh, P. M., Mazzoleni, G., Vittadello, F., Cuccaro, F., Galasso, R., Sampietro, G., Rosso, S., Gasparotto, C., Maifredi, G., Ferrante, M., Torrisi, A., Sutera Sardo, A., Gambino, M. L., Lanzoni, M., Ballotari, P., Giacomazzi, E., Ferretti, S., Caldarella, A., Manneschi, G., Gatta, G., Sant, M., Baili, P., Berrino, F., Botta, L., Trama, A., Lillini, R., Bernasconi, A., Bonfarnuzzo, S., Vener, C., Didonè, F., Lasalvia, P., Del Monego, G., Buratti, L., Serraino, D., Taborelli, M., Capocaccia, R., De Angelis, R., Demuru, E., Di Benedetto, C., Rossi, S., Santaquilani, M., Venanzi, S., Tallon, M., Boni, L., Iacovacci, S., Russo, A. G., Gervasi, F., Spagnoli, G., Cavalieri d'Oro, L., Fusco, M., Vitale, M. F., Usala, M., Vitale, F., Michiara, M., Chiranda, G., Sacerdote, C., Maule, M., Cascone, G., Spata, E., Mangone, L., Falcini, F., Cavallo, R., Piras, D., Dinaro, Y., Castaing, M., Fanetti, A. C., Minerba, S., Candela, G., Scuderi, T., Rizzello, R. V., Stracci, F., Tagliabue, G., Rugge, M., Brustolin, A., Pildava, S., Smailyte, G., Azzopardi, M., Johannesen, T. B., Didkowska, J., Wojciechowska, U., Bielska-Lasota, M., Pais, A., Ferreira, A. M., Bento, M. J., Miranda, A., Safaei Diba, C., Zadnik, V., Zagar, T., Sánchez-Contador Escudero, C., Franch Sureda, P., Lopez de Munain, A., De-La-Cruz, M., Rojas, M. D., Aleman, A., Vizcaino, A., Almela, F., Marcos-Gragera, R., Sanvisens, A., Sanchez, M. J., Chirlaque, M. D., Sanchez-Gil, A., Guevara, M., Ardanaz, E., Cañete-Nieto, A., Peris-Bonet, R., Galceran, J., Carulla, M., Kuehni, C., Redmond, S., Visser, O., Karim-Kos, H., Stevens, S., Stiller, C., Gavin, A., Morrison, D., and Huws, D. W.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > General Practice and Primary Care
Journal Name:Lancet Oncology
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:1470-2045
ISSN (Online):1474-5488
Published Online:16 November 2022

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