Next-generation IoT devices: sustainable eco-friendly manufacturing, energy harvesting, and wireless connectivity

Rahmani, H. et al. (2023) Next-generation IoT devices: sustainable eco-friendly manufacturing, energy harvesting, and wireless connectivity. IEEE Journal of Microwaves, 3(1), pp. 237-255. (doi: 10.1109/JMW.2022.3228683)

Abstract

This invited paper presents potential solutions for tackling some of the main underlying challenges toward developing sustainable Internet-of-things (IoT) devices with a focus on eco-friendly manufacturing, sustainable powering, and wireless connectivity for next-generation IoT devices. The diverse applications of IoT systems, such as smart cities, wearable devices, self-driving cars, and industrial automation, are driving up the number of IoT systems at an unprecedented rate. In recent years, the rapidly-increasing number of IoT devices and the diverse application-specific system requirements have resulted in a paradigm shift in manufacturing processes, powering methods, and wireless connectivity solutions. The traditional cloud-centering IoT systems are moving toward distributed intelligence schemes that impose strict requirements on IoT devices, e.g., operating range, latency, and reliability. In this article, we provide an overview of hardware-related research trends and application use cases of emerging IoT systems and highlight the enabling technologies of next-generation IoT. We review eco-friendly manufacturing for next-generation IoT devices, present alternative biodegradable and eco-friendly options to replace existing materials, and discuss sustainable powering IoT devices by exploiting energy harvesting and wireless power transfer. Finally, we present (ultra-)low-power wireless connectivity solutions that meet the stringent energy efficiency and data rate requirements of future IoT systems that are compatible with a batteryless operation.

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: The work of Valentina Palazzi, Paolo Mezzanotte, and Luca Roselli was supported by the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR) through the PRIN Project “Development and promotion of the Levulinic acid and Carboxylate platforms by the formulation of novel and advanced PHA-based biomaterials and their exploitation for 3D printed green-electronics applications” under Grant 2017FWC3WC 003.
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Kettle, Professor Jeff and Wagih, Dr Mahmoud
• Authors: Rahmani, H., Shetty, D., Wagih, M., Ghasempour, Y., Palazzi, V., Carvalho, N. B., Correia, R., Costanzo, A., Vital, D., Alimenti, F., Kettle, J., Masotti, D., Mezzanotte, P., Roselli, L., and Grosinger, J.
• College/School: College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Autonomous Systems and Connectivity; College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering
• Journal Name: IEEE Journal of Microwaves
• Publisher: IEEE
• ISSN: 2692-8388
• ISSN (Online): 2692-8388
• Published Online: 05 January 2023
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2023 The Authors
• First Published: First published in IEEE Journal of Microwaves 3(1):237-255
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons License