Effects of exercise training programmes on fasting gastrointestinal appetite hormones in adults with overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Almesbehi, T., Harris, L., McGarty, A. , Alqallaf, S., Westrop, S., Edwards, C. A. , Dorling, J. A. and Malkova, D. (2023) Effects of exercise training programmes on fasting gastrointestinal appetite hormones in adults with overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Appetite, 182, 106424. (doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106424) (PMID:36565928)

Abstract

A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to determine the effect of exercise training on fasting gastrointestinal appetite hormones in adults living with overweight and obesity. For eligibility, only randomised controlled trials (duration ≥ four weeks) examining the effect of exercise training interventions were considered. This review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42020218976). The searches were performed on five databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus. The initial search identified 13204 records. Nine studies, which include sixteen exercise interventions, met the criteria for inclusion. Meta-analysis was calculated as the standardised mean difference (Cohen's d). Exercise training had no effect on fasting concentrations of total ghrelin (d: 1.06, 95% CI -0.38 to 2.50, P = 0.15), acylated ghrelin (d: 0.08, 95% CI: −0.31 to 0.47, P = 0.68) and peptide YY (PYY) (d = −0.16, 95% CI: −0.62 to 0.31, P = 0.51) compared to the control group. Analysis of body mass index (BMI) (d: −0.31, 95% CI: −0.50 to −0.12, P < 0.01) and body mass (d: −0.22, 95% CI: −0.42 to −0.03, P = 0.03) found a significant reduction after exercise compared to controls. Overall, exercise interventions did not modify fasting concentrations of total ghrelin, acylated ghrelin, and PYY in individuals with overweight or obesity, although they reduced body mass and BMI. Thus, any upregulation of appetite and energy intake in individuals with overweight and obesity participating in exercise programmes is unlikely to be related to fasting concentrations of gastrointestinal appetite hormones.

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: This study was conducted as a part of the PhD of Taibah Almesbehi funded by the Kuwait Government.
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Malkova, Dr Dalia and Almesbehi, Ms Taibah and Westrop, Miss Sophie and Mcgarty, Dr Arlene and Dorling, Dr James and Edwards, Professor Christine and Harris, Dr Leanne
• Authors: Almesbehi, T., Harris, L., McGarty, A., Alqallaf, S., Westrop, S., Edwards, C. A., Dorling, J. A., and Malkova, D.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > Mental Health and Wellbeing; College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing
• Journal Name: Appetite
• Publisher: Elsevier
• ISSN: 0195-6663
• ISSN (Online): 1095-8304
• Published Online: 22 December 2022
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2022 The Authors
• First Published: First published in Appetite 182: 106424
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons License