Dee, K., Schultz, V. , Haney, J., Bissett, L. A. , Magill, C. and Murcia, P. R. (2023) Influenza A and respiratory syncytial virus trigger a cellular response that blocks severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 infection in the respiratory tract. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 227(12), pp. 1396-1406. (doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac494) (PMID:36550077) (PMCID:PMC10266949)
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Abstract
Background: Multiple viruses cocirculate and contribute to the burden of respiratory disease. Virus-virus interactions can decrease susceptibility to infection and this interference can have an epidemiological impact. As humans are normally exposed to a community of cocirculating respiratory viruses, experimental coinfection studies are necessary to understand the disease mechanisms of multipathogen systems. We aimed to characterize interactions within the respiratory tract between severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and 2 major respiratory viruses: influenza A virus (IAV), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Methods: We performed single infections and coinfections with SARS-CoV-2 combined with IAV or RSV in cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells. We combined microscopy with quantification of viral replication in the presence or absence of an innate immune inhibitor to determine changes in virus-induced pathology, virus spread, and virus replication. Results: SARS-CoV-2 replication is inhibited by both IAV and RSV. This inhibition is dependent on a functional antiviral response and the level of inhibition is proportional to the timing of secondary viral infection. Conclusions: Infections with other respiratory viruses might provide transient resistance to SARS-CoV-2. It would therefore be expected that the incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may decrease during periods of high circulation of IAV and RSV.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | This work was supported by the Medical Research Council of the United Kingdom (grant number MC_UU_12014/9). |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Haney, Ms Joanne and Schultz, Dr Verena and Magill, Mr Callum and Murcia, Professor Pablo and Bissett, Laura and Dee, Dr Kieran |
| Authors: | Dee, K., Schultz, V., Haney, J., Bissett, L. A., Magill, C., and Murcia, P. R. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Virus Research |
| Journal Name: | Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| Publisher: | Oxford University Press |
| ISSN: | 0022-1899 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1537-6613 |
| Published Online: | 23 December 2022 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2022 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in Journal of Infectious Diseases 227(12):1396-1406 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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