Eco-driving of general mixed platoons with CAVs and HDVs

Yang, J., Zhao, D. , Lan, J. , Xue, S., Zhao, W., Tian, D., Zhou, Q. and Song, K. (2023) Eco-driving of general mixed platoons with CAVs and HDVs. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles, 8(2), pp. 1190-1203. (doi: 10.1109/TIV.2022.3224679)

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Abstract

Eco-driving has been widely investigated over the last decade, but most studies focused on an individual vehicle or a vehicle platoon consisting of pure connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). Recently, mixed vehicle platoons consisting of both CAVs and human-driven vehicles (HDVs) have attracted much interest, considering the fact that HDVs will mix with CAVs in the traffic system for a long period. This paper proposes an eco-driving strategy for mixed platoons, composing of both offline planning and online tracking. In offline planning, an energy-efficient speed reference and a gearshift reference are determined by using the characteristics of each vehicle and future traffic information through dynamic programming. Offline planning optimised the vehicle speed and gearshift to allow the vehicle powertrain working at a high efficiency region. In online tracking, two different types of model predictive controls (MPCs) are proposed to control the CAVs in real-time. The MPCs are designed to achieve precise speed reference tracking performance and guarantee platoon string stability, respectively. Meanwhile, HDVs within the mixed platoon can be located anywhere in the platoon except working as the first vehicle to improve flexibility. Therefore, the proposed eco-driving strategy is applicable to mixed platoons with more general structures in ordering. The key contribution of this study is that the proposed eco-driving strategy can optimise the total fuel consumption for general mixed platoons. Simulation results show that the proposed eco-driving strategy improves the fuel economy of a mixed platoon by up to 6.39% compared to the benchmark conventional-adaptive cruise control strategies.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Zhao, Dr Dezong and Yang, Mr Jinsong and Lan, Dr Jianglin
Authors: Yang, J., Zhao, D., Lan, J., Xue, S., Zhao, W., Tian, D., Zhou, Q., and Song, K.
College/School:College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Autonomous Systems and Connectivity
Journal Name:IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles
Publisher:IEEE
ISSN:2379-8858
ISSN (Online):2379-8904
Published Online:24 November 2022
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2022 IEEE
First Published:First published in IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 8(2): 1190-1203
Publisher Policy:Reproduced with the permission of the Publisher

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Project CodeAward NoProject NamePrincipal InvestigatorFunder's NameFunder RefLead Dept
314774Toward Energy Efficient Autonomous Vehiciles via Cloud-Aided learningDezong ZhaoEngineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)EP/S001956/2ENG - Autonomous Systems & Connectivity