Human health risk surveillance of polychlorinated biphenyls in bovine milk from alluvial plain of Punjab, Pakistan

Sana, S., Qadir, A., Evans, N. P. , Mumtaz, M., Javaid, A., Khan, A., Kashif, S.-U.-R., Rehman, H. U. and Hashmi, M. Z. (2023) Human health risk surveillance of polychlorinated biphenyls in bovine milk from alluvial plain of Punjab, Pakistan. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(5), pp. 12965-12978. (doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-22942-9) (PMID:36121631)

Abstract

Punjab is the leading province of Pakistan in the production of bovine milk and its consumption. Rapid industrialization, high energy demand, and the production of waste have increased the risk of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) toxicity in the environment. This research work was designed to assess human dietary exposure of ∑PCBs17 congeners through ingestion of buffalo and cow’s milk from eight main districts of Punjab, Pakistan. The average concentrations of ∑DL-PCBs (8.74 ng g−1 and 14.60 ng g−1) and ∑I-PCBs (11.54 ng g−1 and 18.68 ng g−1) in buffalo and cow milk samples were analyzed, respectively. The PCB-156 was predominantly high congener found in both buffalo (2.84 ng g−1) and cow milk (2.86 ng g−1). It was found that the highest PCBs in bovine milk samples were observed in close vicinities of urban and industrial areas. The estimated daily consumptions of DL-PCBs and I-PCBs, from buffalo and cow milk, were below the acceptable daily intake for both adults and children. Moreover, hazard quotients (HQ) of the ∑PCBs17 congener value were less than 1.0 in adults and greater in the case of children reflecting the high chances of cancer. Furthermore, comprehensive monitoring for childhood cancer is recommended to establish the relationship in future studies.

• Item Type: Articles
• Keywords: Dioxin-like PCBs, cattle farming, dairy products, human health risk, PCB accumulation.
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Evans, Professor Neil
• Authors: Sana, S., Qadir, A., Evans, N. P., Mumtaz, M., Javaid, A., Khan, A., Kashif, S.-U.-R., Rehman, H. U., and Hashmi, M. Z.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine
• Journal Name: Environmental Science and Pollution Research
• Publisher: Springer
• ISSN: 0944-1344
• ISSN (Online): 1614-7499
• Published Online: 19 September 2022
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2022 The Authors
• First Published: First published in Environmental Science and Pollution Research 30(5): 12965-12978
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced in accordance with the publisher copyright policy