A rheological characterization of synthetic detergent formulations

Ciccone, G., Skopalik, S., Smart, C., Gezgin, S., Ridland, D., Paul, M. C. , Escobar, M. d. P. N. and Tassieri, M. (2022) A rheological characterization of synthetic detergent formulations. Physics of Fluids, 34, 097109. (doi: 10.1063/5.0099145)

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Abstract

Soap bars offer a valuable alternative to liquid soaps and their market is flourishing in response to society's commitment to the Green Economy and sustainable products. The advent of synthetic detergent (syndet) “soap” formulations has opened markets for products such as shampoo, conditioner, and facial bars. However, their processability has been revealed to be less controllable than conventional fatty acid-based soaps. In this work, we present a rheological characterization of a set of syndet formulations as a function of both their moisture content and of a compressional stress applied perpendicularly to the shear deformation, as experienced by the materials within extruders during the production process. The main outcome of our investigation reveals that syndet shows a significant stiffening when subjected to compressional stress and a slight reduction of the yield stress as a function of the moisture content. In particular, we report that, within the instrumental limits of applicable normal stresses (i.e., from ∼1  to ∼300 kPa), both the linear viscoelastic moduli of syndets and their yield stress increase by two orders of magnitude; thus, potentially explaining the difficulties encountered during their production. I. INTRODUCTION

Item Type:Articles
Additional Information:The authors acknowledge financial support from Soapworks Ltd., EPSRC Impact Acceleration Account (No. EP/ R511705/1) and Knowledge Transfer Partnerships (KTPs) (No. 12905).
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Paul, Professor Manosh and CICCONE, Mr GIUSEPPE and Tassieri, Dr Manlio and Skopalik, Dr Simeon
Authors: Ciccone, G., Skopalik, S., Smart, C., Gezgin, S., Ridland, D., Paul, M. C., Escobar, M. d. P. N., and Tassieri, M.
College/School:College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering
College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Biomedical Engineering
College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Systems Power and Energy
Journal Name:Physics of Fluids
Publisher:American Institute of Physics
ISSN:1070-6631
ISSN (Online):1089-7666
Published Online:09 September 2022
Copyright Holders:Copyright © The Author(s) 2022
First Published:First published in Physics of Fluids 34: 097109
Publisher Policy:Reproduced under a Creative Commons License

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Project CodeAward NoProject NamePrincipal InvestigatorFunder's NameFunder RefLead Dept
300137Impact Acceleration Account - University of Glasgow 2017Jonathan CooperEngineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)EP/R511705/1Research and Innovation Services