Validation of diagnostic nomograms based on CE-MS urinary biomarkers to detect clinically significant prostate cancer

Frantzi, M. et al. (2022) Validation of diagnostic nomograms based on CE-MS urinary biomarkers to detect clinically significant prostate cancer. World Journal of Urology, 40(9), pp. 2195-2203. (doi: 10.1007/s00345-022-04077-1) (PMID:35841414)

Abstract

Purpose: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Thus, one major issue in PCa research is to accurately distinguish between indolent and clinically significant (csPCa) to reduce overdiagnosis and overtreatment. In this study, we aim to validate the usefulness of diagnostic nomograms (DN) to detect csPCa, based on previously published urinary biomarkers. Methods: Capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry was employed to validate a previously published biomarker model based on 19 urinary peptides specific for csPCa. Added value of the 19-biomarker (BM) model was assessed in diagnostic nomograms including prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density and the risk calculator from the European Randomized Study of Screening. For this purpose, urine samples from 147 PCa patients were collected prior to prostate biopsy and before performing digital rectal examination (DRE). The 19-BM score was estimated via a support vector machine-based software based on the pre-defined cutoff criterion of − 0.07. DNs were subsequently developed to assess added value of integrative diagnostics. Results: Independent validation of the 19-BM resulted in an 87% sensitivity and 65% specificity, with an AUC of 0.81, outperforming PSA (AUC PSA: 0.64), PSA density (AUC PSAD: 0.64) and ERSPC-3/4 risk calculator (0.67). Integration of 19-BM with the rest clinical variables into distinct DN, resulted in improved (AUC range: 0.82–0.88) but not significantly better performances over 19-BM alone. Conclusion: 19-BM alone or upon integration with clinical variables into DN, might be useful for detecting csPCa by decreasing the number of biopsies.

• Item Type: Articles
• Keywords: Capillary electrophoresis, non-invasive urine biomarker, urinary peptide marker, prostate cancer aggressivity.
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Mischak, Professor Harald and Mullen, Dr Bill
• Authors: Frantzi, M., Heidegger, I., Roesch, M. C., Gomez-Gomez, E., Steiner, E., Vlahou, A., Mullen, W., Guler, I., Merseburger, A. S., Mischak, H., and Culig, Z.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health
• Journal Name: World Journal of Urology
• Publisher: Springer
• ISSN: 0724-4983
• ISSN (Online): 1433-8726
• Published Online: 16 July 2022
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2022 The Authors
• First Published: First published in World Journal of Urology 40(9): 2195-2203
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons License