Energy efficiency optimization for backscatter enhanced NOMA cooperative V2X communications under imperfect CSI

Khan, W. U., Jamshed, M. A., Lagunas, E., Chatzinotas, S., Li, X. and Ottersten, B. (2023) Energy efficiency optimization for backscatter enhanced NOMA cooperative V2X communications under imperfect CSI. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 24(11), pp. 12961-12972. (doi: 10.1109/TITS.2022.3187567)

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Abstract

Automotive-Industry 5.0 will use beyond fifth-generation (B5G) technologies to provide robust, computationally intelligent, and energy-efficient data sharing among various onboard sensors, vehicles, and other devices. Recently, ambient backscatter communications (AmBC) have gained significant interest in the research community for providing battery-free communications. AmBC can modulate useful data and reflect it towards near devices using the energy and frequency of existing RF signals. However, obtaining channel state information (CSI) for AmBC systems would be very challenging due to no pilot sequences and limited power. As one of the latest members of multiple access technology, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has emerged as a promising solution for connecting large-scale devices over the same spectral resources in B5G wireless networks. Under imperfect CSI, this paper provides a new optimization framework for energy-efficient transmission in AmBC enhanced NOMA cooperative vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks. We simultaneously minimize the total transmit power of the V2X network by optimizing the power allocation at BS and reflection coefficient at backscatter sensors while guaranteeing the individual quality of services. The problem of total power minimization is formulated as non-convex optimization and coupled on multiple variables, making it complex and challenging. Therefore, we first decouple the original problem into two sub-problems and convert the nonlinear rate constraints into linear constraints. Then, we adopt the iterative sub-gradient method to obtain an efficient solution. For comparison, we also present a conventional NOMA cooperative V2X network without AmBC. Simulation results show the benefits of our proposed AmBC enhanced NOMA cooperative V2X network in terms of total achievable energy efficiency.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Jamshed, Dr Muhammad Ali
Authors: Khan, W. U., Jamshed, M. A., Lagunas, E., Chatzinotas, S., Li, X., and Ottersten, B.
College/School:College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Autonomous Systems and Connectivity
Journal Name:IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Publisher:IEEE
ISSN:1524-9050
ISSN (Online):1558-0016
Published Online:07 July 2022
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2022 IEEE
First Published:First published in IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 24(11):12961 - 12972
Publisher Policy:Reproduced in accordance with the publisher copyright policy

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