Kibuchi, E. et al. (2022) Effects of social determinants on children’s health in informal settlements in Bangladesh and Kenya through an intersectionality lens – a study protocol. BMJ Open, 12(6), e056494. (doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056494) (PMID:35667712) (PMCID:PMC9171224)
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Abstract
Introduction: Several studies have shown that residents of urban informal settlements/slums are usually excluded and marginalised from formal social systems and structures of power leading to disproportionally worse health outcomes compared to other urban dwellers. To promote health equity for slum dwellers, requires an understanding of how their lived realities shape inequities especially for young children 0–4 years old (ie, under-fives) who tend to have a higher mortality compared with non-slum children. In these proposed studies, we aim to examine how key Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) factors at child and household levels combine to affect under-five health conditions, who live in slums in Bangladesh and Kenya through an intersectionality lens. Methods and analysis: The protocol describes how we will analyse data from the Nairobi Cross-sectional Slum Survey (NCSS 2012) for Kenya and the Urban Health Survey (UHS 2013) for Bangladesh to explore how SDoH influence under-five health outcomes in slums within an intersectionality framework. The NCSS 2012 and UHS 2013 samples will consist of 2199 and 3173 under-fives, respectively. We will apply Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy approach. Some of SDoH characteristics to be considered will include those of children, head of household, mothers and social structure characteristics of household. The primary outcomes will be whether a child had diarrhoea, cough, fever and acute respiratory infection (ARI) 2 weeks preceding surveys. Ethics and dissemination: The results will be disseminated in international peer-reviewed journals and presented in events organised by the Accountability and Responsiveness in Informal Settlements for Equity consortium and international conferences. Ethical approval was not required for these studies. Access to the NCSS 2012 has been given by Africa Population and Health Center and UHS 2013 is freely available.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | The GCRF Accountability for Informal Urban Equity Hub (‘ARISE’) is a UKRI Collective Fund award with award reference ES/S00811X/1. The MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit is funded by the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00022/2) and the Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU17). |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Gray, Dr Linsay and Leyland, Professor Alastair and Kibuchi, Dr Eliud and Forsyth, Mr Ross and Quayyum, Dr Zahidul |
| Authors: | Kibuchi, E., Barua, P., Chumo, I., Siqueira, N., Phillips-Howard, P., Mithu, I. H., Kabaria, C., Quayyum, Z., Whittaker, L., Dean, L., Forsyth, R., Selim, T., Aktar, B., Sai, V., Garimella, S., Saidu, S., Gandi, I., Lakshmi, J. k., Mberu, B., Elsey, H., Leyland, A., and Gray, L. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > General Practice and Primary Care College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > MRC/CSO SPHSU |
| Journal Name: | BMJ Open |
| Publisher: | BMJ Publishing Group |
| ISSN: | 2044-6055 |
| ISSN (Online): | 2044-6055 |
| Published Online: | 06 June 2022 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2022 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in BMJ Open 12(6):e056494 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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