The TA formulation: an efficient approach to model the macroscopic electromagnetic behaviour of HTS coated conductor applications

Huber, F., Song, W. , Zhang, M. and Grilli, F. (2022) The TA formulation: an efficient approach to model the macroscopic electromagnetic behaviour of HTS coated conductor applications. Superconductor Science and Technology, 35(4), 043003. (doi: 10.1088/1361-6668/ac5163)

Abstract

In recent years, the T-A formulation has emerged as an efficient approach for modelling the electromagnetic behaviour of high-temperature superconductor (HTS) tapes in the form of coated conductors (CCs). HTS CCs are characterized by an extremely large width-to-thickness ratio of the superconducting layer, normally up to 1000 ∼ 6000, which in general leads to a very large number of degrees of freedom. The T-A formulation considers the superconducting layer to be infinitely thin. The magnetic vector potential A is used to calculate the magnetic field distribution in all simulated domains. The current vector potential T is used to calculate the current density in the superconducting layer, which is a material simulated with a highly nonlinear power-law resistivity. This article presents a review of the T-A formulation. First, the governing equations are described in detail for different cases (2D and 3D, cartesian and cylindrical coordinates). Then, the literature on the implementation of T-A formulation for simulating applications ranging from simple tape assemblies to high field magnets is reviewed. Advantages and disadvantages of this approach are also discussed.

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: This work was supported by the COST Action CA19108 ‘High-Temperature SuperConductivity for AcceLerating the Energy Transition’ (Hi-SCALE).
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Song, Dr Wenjuan
• Authors: Huber, F., Song, W., Zhang, M., and Grilli, F.
• College/School: College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Autonomous Systems and Connectivity
• Journal Name: Superconductor Science and Technology
• Publisher: IOP Publishing
• ISSN: 0953-2048
• ISSN (Online): 1361-6668
• Published Online: 01 March 2022
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2022 The Authors
• First Published: First published in Superconductor Science and Technology 35(4): 043003
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons License