Classification, prevalence and integrated care for neurodevelopmental and child mental health disorders: A brief overview for paediatricians

Ogundele, M. O. and Morton, M. (2022) Classification, prevalence and integrated care for neurodevelopmental and child mental health disorders: A brief overview for paediatricians. World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics, 11(2), pp. 120-135. (doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v11.i2.120) (PMID:35433298) (PMCID:PMC8985496)

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Abstract

‘Neurodevelopmental disorders’ comprise a group of congenital or acquired long-term conditions that are attributed to disturbance of the brain and or neuromuscular system and create functional limitations, including autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, tic disorder/ Tourette’s syndrome, developmental language disorders and intellectual disability. Cerebral palsy and epilepsy are often associated with these conditions within the broader framework of paediatric neurodisability. Co-occurrence with each other and with other mental health disorders including anxiety and mood disorders and behavioural disturbance is often the norm. Together these are referred to as neurodevelopmental, emotional, behavioural, and intellectual disorders (NDEBIDs) in this paper. Varying prevalence rates for NDEBID have been reported in developed countries, up to 15%, based on varying methodologies and definitions. NDEBIDs are commonly managed by either child health paediatricians or child/ adolescent mental health (CAMH) professionals, working within multidisciplinary teams alongside social care, education, allied healthcare practitioners and voluntary sector. Fragmented services are common problems for children and young people with multi-morbidity, and often complicated by sub-threshold diagnoses. Despite repeated reviews, limited consensus among clinicians about classification of the various NDEBIDs may hamper service improvement based upon research. The recently developed “Mental, Behavioural and Neurodevelopmental disorder” chapter of the International Classification of Diseases-11 offers a way forward. In this narrative review we search the extant literature and discussed a brief overview of the aetiology and prevalence of NDEBID, enumerate common problems associated with current classification systems and provide recommendations for a more integrated approach to the nosology and clinical care of these related conditions.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Morton, Dr Michael
Authors: Ogundele, M. O., and Morton, M.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > Mental Health and Wellbeing
Journal Name:World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics
Publisher:Baishideng Publishing Group
ISSN:2219-2808
ISSN (Online):2219-2808
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2022 The Authors
First Published:First published in World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 11(2):120-135
Publisher Policy:Reproduced under a Creative Commons licence

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