Ferreira, J. P., Claggett, B. L., Docherty, K. F. , Jhund, P. S. , Zannad, F., Solomon, S. D. and McMurray, J. J.V. (2022) Within trial comparison of survival time projections from short-term follow-up with long-term follow-up findings. ESC Heart Failure, 9(5), pp. 3655-3658. (doi: 10.1002/ehf2.13731) (PMID:35799450) (PMCID:PMC9715817)
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Abstract
Aims: Data on long-term treatment effects are scarce, despite the intent to use new therapies for many years and the need of patients, physicians and payers to have a better understanding of the lifetime benefits of treatments. The restricted mean or median survival time (RMST) calculated using age instead of time, hypothetically enables estimation of long-term gain in event-free or overall survival from the short-term (within-trial) effects of an intervention, compared with its control. Tha aim of the study is to use trials with long-term follow-up available through extension studies to compare the long-term projections estimated using RMST from within-trial follow-up data with the actual long-term outcomes in the extension studies. Methods and results: We estimated the median long-term survival time using age instead of follow-up time and compared these model-based projections with the actual long-term estimates in the (i) SCD-HeFT trial vs. SCD-HeFT long-term outcomes; (ii) SOLVD trial vs. SOLVD 12 year follow-up; (iii) STICH trial vs. STICHES; and (iv) ACCORD study vs. ACCORDION. In the long-term follow-up of SCD-HeFT, gain in survival with ICD vs. placebo over a median of 11.0 years was +1.4 years of life. The RMST model-derived survival projection from the within-trial data (median follow-up of 3.4 years) gave an estimated survival gain of +1.2 years. In STICHES, over a median follow-up of 9.8 years, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) vs. medical care led to a survival extension of +1.4 years in favour of CABG. RMST projections using within-trial data from STICH (median follow-up of 4.9 years), gave an extended survival of +2.4 years in favour of CABG in younger patients. In the long-term follow-up of SOLVD, enalapril vs. placebo led to a survival gain of +0.8 years over a median follow-up of 12.1 years. The RMST projections from the within-trial data (median follow-up of 2.8 years) gave a survival extension of +0.3 years in favour of enalapril. In the long-term follow-up ACCORDION study, with a median follow-up of 8.8 years, intensive vs. a standard anti-hyperglycaemic treatment did not influence long-term survival, which was concordant with the RMST projections from the short-term ACCORD study with median follow-up of 4.9 years. Conclusions: Age-based survival projections using within-trial data generally provided concordant results with the actual survival measured in long-term follow-up extension studies. Our findings suggest that age-based lifetime projections may be used as means to assess the long-term treatment effects.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Docherty, Dr Kieran and Ferreira, Mr Joao Pedro and Jhund, Professor Pardeep and McMurray, Professor John |
| Authors: | Ferreira, J. P., Claggett, B. L., Docherty, K. F., Jhund, P. S., Zannad, F., Solomon, S. D., and McMurray, J. J.V. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health |
| Journal Name: | ESC Heart Failure |
| Publisher: | Wiley |
| ISSN: | 2055-5822 |
| ISSN (Online): | 2055-5822 |
| Published Online: | 07 July 2022 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2022 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in ESC Heart Failure 9(5): 3655-3658 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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