Gkikas, K. et al. (2021) Dietary triggers of gut inflammation following exclusive enteral nutrition in children with Crohn’s disease: a pilot study. BMC Gastroenterology, 21, 454. (doi: 10.1186/s12876-021-02029-4) (PMID:34861829)
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Abstract
Background: The anti-inflammatory effect of exclusive enteral nutrition on the gut of children with Crohn’s disease is rapidly lost after food reintroduction. This study assessed disease dietary triggers following successful treatment with exclusive enteral nutrition. Methods: Nutrient intake, dietary patterns and dietary biomarkers in faeces (gluten immunogenic peptides, undigestible starch, short chain fatty acids) were assessed in 14 children with Crohn’s disease during early food reintroduction, following exclusive enteral nutrition. Groups above (Group A) and below (Group B) the median levels of faecal calprotectin after food reintroduction were assigned for comparative analysis. Results: Intakes of fibre, gluten-containing cereals and red and processed meat were significantly higher in Group A than Group B; (median [Q1, Q3], g/day; Fibre: 12.1 [11.2, 19.9] vs. 9.9 [7.6, 12.1], p = 0.03; Red and processed meat: 151 [66.7, 190] vs. 63.3 [21.7, 67], p = 0.02; gluten-containing cereals: 289 [207, 402] vs. 203 [61, 232], p = 0.035). A diet consisting of cereals and meat products was predictive (92% accuracy) of higher faecal calprotectin levels after food reintroduction. In faeces, butyrate levels, expressed as absolute concentration and relative abundance, were higher in Group A than Group B by 28.4 µmol/g (p = 0.015) and 6.4% (p = 0.008), respectively. Levels of gluten immunogenic peptide and starch in faeces did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions: This pilot study identified potential dietary triggers of gut inflammation in children with Crohn’s disease after food reintroduction following treatment with exclusive enteral nutrition. Trial registration: Clinical trials.gov registration number: NCT02341248; Clinical trials.gov URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02341248 (retrospectively registered).
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | K Gkikas PhD studentship was funded in partnership from the University of Glasgow and Nestle Health Science. ML PhD studentship was funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and Nestle Health Science. CMC was funded by the PhD studentship from Glasgow Children's Hospital Charity. Dr Ben Nichols was funded by a grant from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/R006539/1) and The Catherine McEwan Foundation. The work of the IBD team in Glasgow is supported by the Catherine McEwan foundation. UZI is funded by NERC Independent Research Fellowship NE/L011956/1. |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Hansen, Dr Richard and Russell, Dr Richard and Logan, Dr Michael and Clark, Clare and Svolos, Dr Vaios and Gkikas, Dr Konstantinos and Nichols, Mr Ben and Milling, Professor Simon and Gerasimidis, Professor Konstantinos and Ijaz, Dr Umer |
| Authors: | Gkikas, K., Logan, M., Nichols, B., Ijaz, U. Z., Clark, C. M., Svolos, V., Gervais, L., Duncan, H., Garrick, V., Curtis, L., Buchanan, E., Cardigan, T., Armstrong, L., Delahunty, C., Flynn, D. M., Barclay, A. R., Tayler, R., Milling, S., Hansen, R., Russell, R. K., and Gerasimidis, K. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Infrastructure and Environment |
| Research Centre: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Immunobiology |
| Journal Name: | BMC Gastroenterology |
| Publisher: | BioMed Central |
| ISSN: | 1471-230X |
| ISSN (Online): | 1471-230X |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2021 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in BMC Gastroenterology 21: 454 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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