Mayanja, M. N., Mwiine, F. N., Lutwama, J. J., Ssekagiri, A., Egesa, M., Thomson, E. C. and Kohl, A. (2021) Mosquito-borne arboviruses in Uganda: history, transmission and burden. Journal of General Virology, 102(10), 001680. (doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.001680) (PMID:34609940)
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Abstract
Mosquito-transmitted arboviruses constitute a large proportion of emerging infectious diseases that are both a public health problem and a threat to animal populations. Many such viruses were identified in East Africa, a region where they remain important and from where new arboviruses may emerge. We set out to describe and review the relevant mosquito-borne viruses that have been identified specifically in Uganda. We focused on the discovery, burden, mode of transmission, animal hosts and clinical manifestation of those previously involved in disease outbreaks. A search for mosquito-borne arboviruses detected in Uganda was conducted using search terms ‘Arboviruses in Uganda’ and ‘Mosquitoes and Viruses in Uganda’ in PubMed and Google Scholar in 2020. Twenty-four mosquito-borne viruses from different animal hosts, humans and mosquitoes were documented. The majority of these were from family Peribunyaviridae, followed by Flaviviridae, Togaviridae, Phenuiviridae and only one each from family Rhabdoviridae and Reoviridae. Sixteen (66.7%) of the viruses were associated with febrile illnesses. Ten (41.7%) of them were first described locally in Uganda. Six of these are a public threat as they have been previously associated with disease outbreaks either within or outside Uganda. Historically, there is a high burden and endemicity of arboviruses in Uganda. Given the many diverse mosquito species known in the country, there is also a likelihood of many undescribed mosquito-borne viruses. Next generation diagnostic platforms have great potential to identify new viruses. Indeed, four novel viruses, two of which were from humans (Ntwetwe and Nyangole viruses) and two from mosquitoes (Kibale and Mburo viruses) were identified in the last decade using next generation sequencing. Given the unbiased approach of detection of viruses by this technology, its use will undoubtedly be critically important in the characterization of mosquito viromes which in turn will inform other diagnostic efforts.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | This work was supported through the Wellcome Trust-funded Arbo-Viral Infection (AVI) study (102789/Z/13/A), the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12014/8) (A.K., E.C.T.), the Makerere University/UVRI Infection and Immunity (MUII) Research Training programme and the DELTAS Africa Initiative (Grant No: 107743). The DELTAS Africa Initiative is an independent funding scheme of the African Academy of Sciences (AAS), Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa (AESA) and supported by the New Partnership for Africa’s Development Planning and Coordinating Agency (NEPAD Agency) with funding from the Wellcome Trust (Grant No: 107743) and the UK Government. |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Ssekagiri, Mr Alfred and Thomson, Professor Emma and Mayanja, Mr Martin and Kohl, Professor Alain |
| Creator Roles: | Mayanja, M.Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review and editing Ssekagiri, A.Visualization, Writing – review and editing Thomson, E.Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review and editing Kohl, A.Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review and editing |
| Authors: | Mayanja, M. N., Mwiine, F. N., Lutwama, J. J., Ssekagiri, A., Egesa, M., Thomson, E. C., and Kohl, A. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Virus Research |
| Journal Name: | Journal of General Virology |
| Publisher: | Microbiology Society |
| ISSN: | 0022-1317 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1465-2099 |
| Published Online: | 05 October 2021 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2021 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in Journal of General Virology 102(10):001680 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher |
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