Interactions between dietary fibre and the gut microbiota

Thomson, C., Garcia, A. L. and Edwards, C. A. (2021) Interactions between dietary fibre and the gut microbiota. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 80(4), pp. 398-408. (doi: 10.1017/S0029665121002834) (PMID:34551829)

[img] Text
255513.pdf - Accepted Version

625kB

Abstract

Research characterising the gut microbiota in different populations and diseases has mushroomed since the advent of next-generation sequencing techniques. However, there has been less emphasis on the impact of dietary fibres and other dietary components that influence gut microbial metabolic activities. Dietary fibres are the main energy source for gut bacteria. However, fibres differ in their physicochemical properties, their effects on the gut and their fermentation characteristics. The diversity of carbohydrates and associated molecules in fibre-rich foods can have a major influence on microbiota composition and production of bioactive molecules, for example SCFAs and phenolic acids. Several of these microbial metabolites may influence the functions of body systems including the gut, liver, adipose tissues and brain. Dietary fibre intake recommendations have recently been increased (to 30 g daily) in response to growing obesity and other health concerns. Increasing intakes of specific fibre and plant food sources may differentially influence the bacteria and their metabolism. However, in vitro studies show great individual variability in the response of the gut microbiota to different fibres and fibre combinations, making it difficult to predict which foods or food components will have the greatest impact on levels of bioactive molecules produced in the colon of individuals. Greater understanding of individual responses to manipulation of the diet, in relation to microbiome composition and production of metabolites with proven beneficial impact on body systems, would allow the personalised approach needed to best promote good health.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Edwards, Professor Christine and Garcia, Dr Ada
Authors: Thomson, C., Garcia, A. L., and Edwards, C. A.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing
Journal Name:Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
Publisher:Cambridge University Press
ISSN:0029-6651
ISSN (Online):1475-2719
Published Online:23 September 2021
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2021 The Authors
First Published:First published in Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 80(4): 398-408
Publisher Policy:Reproduced in accordance with the publisher copyright policy

University Staff: Request a correction | Enlighten Editors: Update this record