Magneto-optogenetic deep-brain multimodal neurostimulation

Walton, F. , McGlynn, E., Das, R. , Zhong, H., Heidari, H. and Degenaar, P. (2022) Magneto-optogenetic deep-brain multimodal neurostimulation. Advanced Intelligent Systems, 4(3), 2100082. (doi: 10.1002/aisy.202100082)

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Abstract

Electrical neurostimulation has been used successfully as a technique in both research and clinical contexts for over a century. Despite significant progress, inherent problems remain, hence there has been a drive for novel neurostimulation modalities including ultrasonic, magnetic, and optical, which have the potential to be less invasive, have enhanced biointegration, deeper stimulus penetration from the probe, and higher spatiotemporal resolution. Optogenetics—the optical stimulation of genetically photosensitized neurons, enables highly precise genetic targeting of the stimulus. Specifically, it allows for selective optical excitation and inhibition via different wavelengths. As such, optogenetics has become a prominent tool for neuroscience. Herein, the complementarity between different forms of neurostimulation is explored with a focus on cranial magnetic and optogenetic stimulation. Magnetic stimulation is complementary to optogenetics in that it does not require an electrochemical tissue interface like in the case of electrical stimulation. Furthermore, if incorporated onto the same probe as one with light emitters, its stimulation field can be orthogonal to the light emission field—allowing for complementary stimulus fields. Herein, dual optogenetic and magnetic modalities are proposed that can unite to yield a powerful and versatile tool for neural engineering.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Walton, Mr Finlay and McGlynn, Eve and Heidari, Professor Hadi and Das, Dr Rupam and Zhong, Mr Hongze
Authors: Walton, F., McGlynn, E., Das, R., Zhong, H., Heidari, H., and Degenaar, P.
College/School:College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering
Journal Name:Advanced Intelligent Systems
Publisher:Wiley
ISSN:2640-4567
ISSN (Online):2640-4567
Published Online:23 October 2021
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2021 The Authors
First Published:First published in Advanced Intelligent Systems 4(3): 2100082
Publisher Policy:Reproduced under a Creative Commons licence

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Project CodeAward NoProject NamePrincipal InvestigatorFunder's NameFunder RefLead Dept
303466HERMESHadi HeidariEuropean Commission (EC)824164ENG - Electronics & Nanoscale Engineering
309079Wireless and Scalable Optogenetics for Neurological Disorders CureHadi HeidariEuropean Commission (EC)893822ENG - Electronics & Nanoscale Engineering
312561EPSRC DTP 2020/21Christopher PearceEngineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)EP/T517896/1Research and Innovation Services