Holmes, E. C. et al. (2021) The origins of SARS-CoV-2: a critical review. Cell, 184(19), pp. 4848-4856. (doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.08.017) (PMID:34480864) (PMCID:PMC8373617)
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Abstract
Since the first reports of a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like coronavirus in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, there has been intense interest in understanding how severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in the human population. Recent debate has coalesced around two competing ideas: a “laboratory escape” scenario and zoonotic emergence. Here, we critically review the current scientific evidence that may help clarify the origin of SARS-CoV-2.
| Item Type: | Articles |
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| Additional Information: | E.C.H. is supported by an ARC Australian Laureate Fellowship (FL170100022). S.A.G. is supported by the NIH (F32AI152341). J.O.W. acknowledges support from the NIH (AI135992). A.L.R. acknowledges that VIDO receives operational funding from the Canada Foundation for Innovation-Major Science Initiatives Fund and from the Government of Saskatchewan through Innovation Saskatchewan and the Ministry of Agriculture. D.L.R. acknowledges support of the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12014/12) and the Wellcome Trust (220977/Z/20/Z). S.J.A. acknowledges funding from the NIH (R01AI149693). W.B. receives support from the Wellcome Trust (Z/205100 and Z/200187), BBSRC (BB/S008292), and MRC (MR/W005611/1). M.F.B. acknowledges funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-005517). J.L.G. is supported by a New Zealand Royal Society Rutherford Discovery Fellowship (RDF-20-UOO-007). J.L.L. is supported by the NIH (R01AI141607 and R21AI139738) and the NSF (2029949). S.J.N. is supported by a Wellcome Trust Senior Fellowship (WT098049AIA), the MRC, and the Huo Family Charitable Foundation 2. T.S. was funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) (P 28183). S.R.W. is supported by the NIH (R01AI140442, R01AI104887, R21AI138564, and R21AI157147), as well as the Penn Center for Research on Coronaviruses and Other Emerging Pathogens. M.W. is supported by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (INV004212) and the Arizona Board of Regents. K.G.A. acknowledges support from the NIH (U19AI135995, U01AI151812, and UL1TR002550). R.F.G. is supported by the NIH (R01AI132223, R01AI132244, U19AI135995, U54HG007480, U19AI142790, and U01AI151812), the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (INTU1901 and ESEP1904), and the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (RIA2019LV-3053). A.R. acknowledges the support of the Wellcome Trust (Collaborators Award 206298/Z/17/Z-ARTIC network) and the European Research Council (725422-ReservoirDOCS). |
| Keywords: | Zoonosis, origins, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, evolution. |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Robertson, Professor David |
| Authors: | Holmes, E. C., Goldstein, S. A., Rasmussen, A. L., Robertson, D. L., Crits-Christoph, A., Wertheim, J. O., Anthony, S. J., Barclay, W. S., Boni, M. F., Doherty, P. C., Farrar, J., Geoghegan, J. L., Jiang, X., Leibowitz, J. L., Neil, S. J.D., Skern, T., Weiss, S. R., Worobey, M., Andersen, K. G., Garry, R. F., and Rambaut, A. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Virus Research |
| Journal Name: | Cell |
| Publisher: | Elsevier (Cell Press) |
| ISSN: | 0092-8674 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1097-4172 |
| Published Online: | 19 August 2021 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2021 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in Cell 184(19): 4848-4856 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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