Acute kidney injury in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 from the ISARIC WHO CCP-UK Study: a prospective, multicentre cohort study

Sullivan, M. K. et al. (2022) Acute kidney injury in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 from the ISARIC WHO CCP-UK Study: a prospective, multicentre cohort study. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 37(2), pp. 271-284. (doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfab303) (PMID:34661677) (PMCID:PMC8788218)

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Abstract

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in COVID-19. This study investigated adults hospitalised with COVID-19 and hypothesised that risk factors for AKI would include co-morbidities and non-white race. Methods: A prospective multicentre cohort study was performed using patients admitted to 254 UK hospitals with COVID-19 between January 17th 2020 and December 5th 2020. Results: Of 85,687 patients, 2,198 (2.6%) received acute kidney replacement therapy (KRT). Of 41,294 patients with biochemistry data, 13,000 (31.5%) had biochemical AKI: 8,562 stage 1 (65.9%), 2,609 stage 2 (20.1%) and 1,829 stage 3 (14.1%). The main risk factors for KRT were chronic kidney disease (CKD: Adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.41: 95% confidence interval 3.06-3.81), male sex (aOR 2.43: 2.18-2.71) and black race (aOR 2.17: 1.79-2.63). The main risk factors for biochemical AKI were admission respiratory rate >30 breaths per minute (aOR 1.68: 1.56-1.81), CKD (aOR 1.66: 1.57-1.76) and black race (aOR 1.44: 1.28-1.61). There was a gradated rise in the risk of 28-day mortality by increasing severity of AKI: stage 1 aOR 1.58 (1.49-1.67); stage 2 aOR 2.41 (2.20-2.64); stage 3 aOR 3.50 (3.14-3.91); KRT aOR 3.06 (2.75-3.39). AKI rates peaked in April 2020 and the subsequent fall in rates could not be explained by the use of dexamethasone or remdesivir. Conclusions: AKI is common in adults hospitalised with COVID-19 and it is associated with a heightened risk of mortality. Although the rates of AKI have fallen from the early months of the pandemic, high-risk patients should have their kidney function and fluid status monitored closely.

Item Type:Articles
Additional Information:Janet T. Scott and Christopher Davis are members of the ISARIC4C Investigators.
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Scott, Dr Janet and Mark, Professor Patrick and Sullivan, Dr Michael and Davis, Dr Chris and Lees, Jennifer and Ho, Dr Antonia
Creator Roles:
Sullivan, M. K.Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review and editing
Lees, J. S.Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review and editing
Ho, A.Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review and editing
Mark, P. B.Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review and editing
Authors: Sullivan, M. K., Lees, J. S., Drake, T. M., Docherty, A. B., Oates, G., Hardwick, H. E., Russell, C. D., Merson, L., Dunning, J., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., Openshaw, P., Harrison, E. M., Baillie, J. K., ISARIC4C Investigators, , Semple, M. G., Ho, A., Mark, P. B., Scott, J. T., and Davis, C.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Virus Research
Journal Name:Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
Publisher:Oxford University Press
ISSN:0931-0509
ISSN (Online):1460-2385
Published Online:18 October 2021
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2021 The Authors
First Published:First published in Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 37(2): 271-284
Publisher Policy:Reproduced under a Creative Commons License

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Project CodeAward NoProject NamePrincipal InvestigatorFunder's NameFunder RefLead Dept
309978Tackling the challenge of multimorbidity in chronic kidney diseaseMichael SullivanMedical Research Council (MRC)MR/V001671/1CAMS - Cardiovascular Science