Ntala, C. et al. (2021) Analysis of prostate cancer tumor microenvironment identifies reduced stromal CD4 effector T-cell infiltration in tumors with pelvic nodal metastasis. European Urology Open Science, 29, pp. 19-29. (doi: 10.1016/j.euros.2021.05.001) (PMID:34337530) (PMCID:PMC8317840)
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Abstract
Pelvic nodal metastasis in prostate cancer impacts patient outcome negatively. To explore tumor-infiltrating immune cells as a potential predictive tool for regional lymph node (LN) metastasis. We applied multiplex immunofluorescence and targeted transcriptomic analysis on 94 radical prostatectomy specimens in patients with (LN+) or without (LN-) pelvic nodal metastases. Both intraepithelial and stromal infiltrations of immune cells and differentially expressed genes (mRNA and protein levels) were correlated with the nodal status. The identified CD4 effector cell signature of nodal metastasis was validated in a comparable independent patient cohort of 184 informative cases. Patient outcome analysis and decision curve analysis were performed with the CD4 effector cell density-based signature. In the discovery cohort, both tumor epithelium and stroma from patients with nodal metastasis had significantly lower infiltration of multiple immune cell types, with stromal CD4 effector cells highlighted as the top candidate marker. Targeted gene expression analysis and confirmatory protein analysis revealed key alteration of extracellular matrix components in tumors with nodal metastasis. Of note, stromal CD4 immune cell density was a significant independent predictor of LN metastasis (odds ratio [OR] = 0.15, = 0.004), and was further validated as a significant predictor of nodal metastasis in the validation cohort (OR = 0.26, < 0.001). Decreased T-cell infiltrates in the primary tumor (particularly CD4 effector cells) are associated with a higher risk of LN metastasis. Future evaluation of CD4-based assays on prostate cancer diagnostic biopsy materials may improve selection of at-risk patients for the treatment of LN metastasis. In this report, we found that cancer showing evidence of cancer metastasis to the lymph nodes tends to have less immune cells present within the tumor. We conclude that the extent of immune cells present within a prostate tumor can help doctors determine the most appropriate treatment plan for individual patients.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Funding/Support and role of the sponsor: CRUK (A22904, A17196, A19661, A23983). |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Ahmad, Professor Imran and McGhee, Dr Ewan and Leung, Professor Hing and Le Quesne, Professor John and Salji, Dr Mark and Roberts, Dr Ed and Ntala, Dr Chara and Goodyear, Professor Carl and Salmond, Dr Jonathan and Carlin, Dr Leo |
| Authors: | Ntala, C., Salji, M., Salmond, J., Officer, L., Teodosio, A. V., Blomme, A., McGhee, E. J., Powley, I., Ahmad, I., Kruithof-de Julio, M., Thalmann, G., Roberts, E., Goodyear, C. S., Jamaspishvili, T., Berman, D. M., Carlin, L. M., Le Quesne, J., and Leung, H. Y. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cancer Sciences College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing |
| Research Centre: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Immunobiology |
| Journal Name: | European Urology Open Science |
| Publisher: | Elsevier |
| ISSN: | 2666-1691 |
| ISSN (Online): | 2666-1683 |
| Published Online: | 25 May 2021 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2021 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in European Urology Open Science 29:19-29 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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