Fernandez, B., Lobo, L., Tyagi, P., Stoichkov, V., Kettle, J. and Pereiro, R. (2019) Rapid evaluation of different perovskite absorber layers through the application of depth profile analysis using glow discharge – Time of flight mass spectrometry. Talanta, 192, pp. 317-324. (doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.09.059) (PMID:30348396)
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Abstract
Depth profile analysis of perovskite absorber layers deposited onto glass substrates is investigated by radiofrequency pulsed glow discharge - time of flight mass spectrometry (rf-PGD-ToFMS). Elemental depth profiles obtained for perovskite films fabricated using a double-step deposition route with different precursors (methylammonium iodide and PbI2, PbCl2 or PbBr2) show varying distribution of the principle components depending on the precursors employed. Furthermore, the results show that rf-PGD-ToFMS allows to identify traces of residue solvent used in the initial film preparation (dimethyl sulphoxide or dimethylformamide) and to identify differences produced by film thickness and oxygen uptake caused by exposure to ambient conditions. The approach also enables inspection of the differences in elemental diffusion and the degradation processes. By using rf-PGD-ToFMS, no ultra-high-vacuum is needed for processing and rapid analysis of absorber films can be obtained in less than 40 s. The demonstration of such powerful analytical technique for obtaining depth profile information could enable groups in the field to better optimize processing conditions and enhance stability.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Financial support from Horiba Scientific through a research project is gratefully acknowledged. Also, B.F. acknowledges her research contract RYC-2014-14985 to the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the Ramón y Cajal Program. Authors thank Samuel Gonzalez for his help during the first PGD-ToFMS optimizations. J.K., P.T. and V.S. would like to acknowledge the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and the Welsh European Funding Office (WEFO) for funding the 2nd Solar Photovoltaic Academic Research Consortium (SPARCII) which supported this research and the Sêr Cymru National Research Network. |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Kettle, Professor Jeff |
| Authors: | Fernandez, B., Lobo, L., Tyagi, P., Stoichkov, V., Kettle, J., and Pereiro, R. |
| College/School: | College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering |
| Journal Name: | Talanta |
| Publisher: | Elsevier |
| ISSN: | 0039-9140 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1873-3573 |
| Published Online: | 18 September 2018 |
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