Identification and characterization of two classes of G1 β-bulge

Leader, D. P. and Milner-White, J. E. (2021) Identification and characterization of two classes of G1 β-bulge. Acta Crystallographica. Section D: Structural Biology, 77(2), (doi: 10.1107/S2059798320015533) (PMID:33559610) (PMCID:PMC7869896)

Abstract

In standard β-bulges, a residue in one strand of a β-sheet forms hydrogen bonds to two successive residues (`1' and `2') of a second strand. Two categories, `classic' and `G1' β-bulges, are distinguished by their dihedral angles: 1,2-αRβR (classic) or 1,2-αLβR (G1). It had previously been observed that G1 β-bulges are most often found as components of two quite distinct composite structures, suggesting that a basis for further differentiation might exist. Here, it is shown that two subtypes of G1 β-bulges, G1α and G1β, may be distinguished by their conformation (αR or βR) at residue `0' of the second strand. β-Bulges that are constituents of the composite structure named the β-bulge loop are of the G1α type, whereas those that are constituents of the composite structure named β-link here are of the G1β type. A small proportion of G1β β-bulges, but not G1α β-bulges, occur in other contexts. There are distinctive differences in amino-acid composition and sequence pattern between these two types of G1 β-bulge which may have practical application in protein design.

• Item Type: Articles
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Leader, Dr David and Milner-White, Professor E
• Authors: Leader, D. P., and Milner-White, J. E.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences; College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Life Sciences
• Journal Name: Acta Crystallographica. Section D: Structural Biology
• Publisher: International Union of Crystallography
• ISSN: 2059-7983
• ISSN (Online): 2059-7983
• Published Online: 26 January 2021
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2021 The Authors
• First Published: First published in Acta Crystallographica Section D: Structural Biology 77(2)
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons license