Rasher, D. B. et al. (2020) Keystone predators govern the pathway and pace of climate impacts in a subarctic marine ecosystem. Science, 369(6509), pp. 1351-1354. (doi: 10.1126/science.aav7515) (PMID:32913100)
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Abstract
Predator loss and climate change are hallmarks of the Anthropocene yet their interactive effects are largely unknown. Here, we show that massive calcareous reefs, built slowly by the alga Clathromorphum nereostratum over centuries to millennia, are now declining because of the emerging interplay between these two processes. Such reefs, the structural base of Aleutian kelp forests, are rapidly eroding because of overgrazing by herbivores. Historical reconstructions and experiments reveal that overgrazing was initiated by the loss of sea otters, Enhydra lutris (which gave rise to herbivores capable of causing bioerosion), and then accelerated with ocean warming and acidification (which increased per capita lethal grazing by 34 to 60% compared with preindustrial times). Thus, keystone predators can mediate the ways in which climate effects emerge in nature and the pace with which they alter ecosystems.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (grant no. PLR-1316141 to D.B.R., R.S.S., and J.A.E. and grant no. MGG-1459706 to J.B.R.) and the National Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada (discovery grants to J.H. and D.H.). |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Kamenos, Professor Nick |
| Authors: | Rasher, D. B., Steneck, R. S., Halfar, J., Kroeker, K. J., Ries, J. B., Tinker, M. T., Chan, P. T.W., Fietzke, J., Kamenos, N. A., Konar, B. H., Lefcheck, J. S., Norley, C. J.D., Weitzman, B. P., Westfield, I. T., and Estes, J. A. |
| College/School: | College of Science and Engineering > School of Geographical and Earth Sciences |
| Journal Name: | Science |
| Publisher: | American Association for the Advancement of Science |
| ISSN: | 0036-8075 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1095-9203 |
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