Gray, J. I. et al. (2021) Tolerance induction in memory CD4 T cells is partial and reversible. Immunology, 162(1), pp. 68-83. (doi: 10.1111/imm.13263) (PMID:32931017) (PMCID:PMC7730012)
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Abstract
Memory T cells respond rapidly in part because they are less reliant on heightened levels of costimulatory molecules. This enables rapid control of secondary infecting pathogens but presents challenges to efforts to control or silence memory CD4 T cells, for example in antigen specific tolerance strategies for autoimmunity. We have examined the transcriptional and functional consequences of re‐activating memory CD4 T cells in the absence of an adjuvant. We find that memory CD4 T cells generated by infection or immunisation survive secondary activation with antigen delivered without adjuvant, regardless of their location in secondary lymphoid organs or peripheral tissues. These cells were, however, functionally altered following a tertiary immunisation with antigen and adjuvant, proliferating poorly but maintaining their ability to produce inflammatory cytokines. Transcriptional and cell cycle analysis of these memory CD4 T cells suggest they are unable to commit fully to cell division potentially because of low expression of DNA repair enzymes. In contrast, these memory CD4 T cells could proliferate following tertiary reactivation by viral re‐infection. These data indicate that antigen specific tolerogenic strategies must examine multiple parameters of T cell function, and provide insight into the molecular mechanisms that may lead to deletional tolerance of memory CD4 T cells.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Al-Khabouri, Ms Shaima and Otto, Professor Thomas and Macleod, Dr Megan and Gray, Joshua and Garside, Professor Paul and Morton, Mr Fraser |
| Authors: | Gray, J. I., Al-Khabouri, S., Morton, F., Clambey, E. T., Gapin, L., Matsuda, J. L., Kappler, J. W., Marrack, P., Garside, P., Otto, T. D., and MacLeod, M. K.L. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity |
| Research Centre: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Immunobiology |
| Journal Name: | Immunology |
| Publisher: | Wiley |
| ISSN: | 0019-2805 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1365-2567 |
| Published Online: | 15 September 2020 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2020 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in Immunology 162(1): 68-83 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons license |
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