Investigating the meat pathway as a source of human nontyphoidal Salmonella bloodstream infections and diarrhea in East Africa

Crump, J. A. et al. (2021) Investigating the meat pathway as a source of human nontyphoidal Salmonella bloodstream infections and diarrhea in East Africa. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 73(7), e1570-e1578. (doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1153) (PMID:32777036) (PMCID:PMC8492120)

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Abstract

Background: Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium are major causes of bloodstream infection and diarrheal disease in East Africa. Sources of human infection, including the role of the meat pathway, are poorly understood. Methods: We collected cattle, goat, and poultry meat pathway samples from December 2015 through August 2017 in Tanzania and isolated Salmonella using standard methods. Meat pathway isolates were compared with nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) isolated from persons with bloodstream infection and diarrheal disease from 2007 through 2017 from Kenya by core genome multi-locus sequence typing (cgMLST). Isolates were characterized for antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes, and diversity. Results: We isolated NTS from 164 meat pathway samples. Of 172 human NTS isolates, 90 (52.3%) from stool and 82 (47.7%) from blood, 53 (30.8%) were Salmonella Enteritidis ST11 and 62 (36.0%) Salmonella Typhimurium ST313. We identified cgMLST clusters within Salmonella Enteritidis ST11, Salmonella Heidelberg ST15, Salmonella Typhimurium ST 19, and Salmonella II 42:r:- ST1208 that included both human and meat pathway isolates. Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 was isolated exclusively from human samples. Human and poultry isolates bore more antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes and were less diverse than isolates from other sources. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the meat pathway may be an important source of human infection by some clades of Salmonella Enteritidis ST11 in East Africa, but not of human Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 infection. Research is needed to systematically examine the contribution of other types of meat, animal products, produce, water, and environmental exposures to nontyphoidal Salmonella disease in East Africa.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Zadoks, Professor Ruth and Cleaveland, Professor Sarah and Thomas, Dr Kate
Authors: Crump, J. A., Thomas, K. M., Benschop, J., Knox, M. A., Wilkinson, D. A., Midwinter, A. C., Munyua, P., Ochieng, J. B., Bigogo, G. M., Verani, J. R., Widdowson, M.-A., Prinsen, G., Cleaveland, S., Karimuribo, E. D., Kazwala, R. R., Mmbaga, B. T., Swai, E. S., French, N. P., and Zadoks, R. N.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine
Journal Name:Clinical Infectious Diseases
Publisher:Oxford University Press
ISSN:1058-4838
ISSN (Online):1537-6591
Published Online:10 August 2020
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2020 The Authors
First Published:First published in Clinical Infectious Diseases 73(7): e1570-1578
Publisher Policy:Reproduced under a Creative Commons license

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Project CodeAward NoProject NamePrincipal InvestigatorFunder's NameFunder RefLead Dept
190821Hazards associated with zoonotic enteric pathogens in emerging livestock meat pathways (HAZEL)Ruth ZadoksBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)BB/L017679/1Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine
171979Zoonoses and Emerging Livestock Systems ZELS Reducing the risk to livestock and people programme associated studentships - ZELS-ASSarah CleavelandBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)BB/N503563/1Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine