Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and co-existing lung disease: is this a new phenotype?

Peacock, A. J. et al. (2020) Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and co-existing lung disease: is this a new phenotype? Pulmonary Circulation, 10(1), pp. 1-8. (doi: 10.1177/2045894020914851)

[img]
Preview
Text
213384.pdf - Published Version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial.

225kB

Abstract

Patients classified as idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (defined as Group 1 on European Respiratory Society (ERS)/European Cardiac Society (ESC) criteria) may have evidence of minor co-existing lung disease on thoracic computed tomography. We hypothesised that these idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension patients (IPAH lung disease) are a separate subgroup of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension with different phenotype and outcome compared with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension patients without co-existing lung disease (IPAH no lung disease). Patients with ‘IPAH lung disease’ have been eligible for all clinical trials of Group 1 patients because they have normal clinical examination and normal spirometry but we wondered whether they responded to treatment and had similar survival to patients with ‘IPAH no lung disease’. We described the outcome of the cohort of patients with ‘IPAH no lung disease’ in a previous paper. Here, we have compared incident ‘IPAH lung disease’ patients with ‘IPAH no lung disease’ patients diagnosed concurrently in all eight Pulmonary Hypertension centres in the UK and Ireland between 2001–2009. Compared with ‘IPAH no lung disease’ (n = 355), ‘IPAH lung disease’ patients (n = 137) were older, less obese, predominantly male, more likely to be current/ex-smokers and had lower six-minute walk distance, lower % predicted diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, lower mean pulmonary arterial pressure and lower pulmonary vascular resistance index. After three months of pulmonary hypertension-targeted treatment, six-minute walk distance improved equally in ‘IPAH lung disease’ and ‘IPAH no lung disease’. However, survival of ‘IPAH lung disease’ was lower than ‘IPAH no lung disease’ (one year survival: 72% compared with 93%). This survival was significantly worse in ‘IPAH lung disease’ even after adjusting for age, gender, smoking history, comorbidities and haemodynamics. ‘IPAH lung disease’ patients had similar short-term improvement in six-minute walk distance with anti-pulmonary arterial hypertension therapy but worse survival compared with ‘IPAH no lung disease’ patients. This suggests that ‘IPAH lung disease’ are a separate phenotype and should not be lumped with ‘IPAH no lung disease’ in clinical trials of Group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Item Type:Articles
Additional Information:Funding: This study was funded by unrestricted educational grants from Pfizer, GSK, Actelion and Bayer.
Keywords:Research article, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), lung disease, treatment response, survival.
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Peacock, Professor Andrew and Johnston, Dr Martin
Authors: Peacock, A. J., Ling, Y., Johnson, M. K., Kiely, D. G., Condliffe, R., Elliot, C. A., Gibbs, J. S. R., Howard, L. S., Pepke-Zaba, J., Sheares, K. K.K., Corris, P. A., Fisher, A. J., Lordan, J. L., Gaine, S., Coghlan, J. G., Wort, S. J., and Gatzoulis, M. A.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health
Journal Name:Pulmonary Circulation
Publisher:SAGE Publications
ISSN:2045-8932
ISSN (Online):2045-8940
Published Online:05 March 2020
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2020 The Authors
First Published:First published in Pulmonary Circulation 10:1-8
Publisher Policy:Reproduced under a Creative Commons Licence

University Staff: Request a correction | Enlighten Editors: Update this record