Comparative significance of invasive measures of microvascular injury in acute myocardial infarction

Maznyczka, A. M. et al. (2020) Comparative significance of invasive measures of microvascular injury in acute myocardial infarction. Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions, 13(5), e008505. (doi: 10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.119.008505) (PMID:32408817) (PMCID:PMC7237023)

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Abstract

Background: The resistive reserve ratio (RRR) expresses the ratio between basal and hyperemic microvascular resistance. RRR measures the vasodilatory capacity of the microcirculation. We compared RRR, index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), and coronary flow reserve (CFR) for predicting microvascular obstruction (MVO), myocardial hemorrhage, infarct size, and clinical outcomes, after ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction. Methods: In the T-TIME trial (Trial of Low-Dose Adjunctive Alteplase During Primary PCI), 440 patients with acute ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction from 11 UK hospitals were prospectively enrolled. In a subset of 144 patients, IMR, CFR, and RRR were measured post-primary percutaneous coronary intervention. MVO extent (% left ventricular mass) was determined by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging at 2 to 7 days. Infarct size was determined at 3 months. One-year major adverse cardiac events, heart failure hospitalizations, and all-cause death/heart failure hospitalizations were assessed. Results: In these 144 patients (mean age, 59±11 years, 80% male), median IMR was 29.5 (interquartile range: 17.0–55.0), CFR was 1.4 (1.1–2.0), and RRR was 1.7 (1.3–2.3). MVO occurred in 41% of patients. IMR>40 was multivariably associated with more MVO (coefficient, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.05–1.02]; P=0.031), myocardial hemorrhage presence (odds ratio [OR], 3.20 [95% CI, 1.25–8.24]; P=0.016), and infarct size (coefficient, 5.05 [95% CI, 0.84–9.26]; P=0.019), independently of CFR≤2.0, RRR≤1.7, myocardial perfusion grade≤1, and Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction frame count. RRR was multivariably associated with MVO extent (coefficient, −0.60 [95% CI, −0.97 to −0.23]; P=0.002), myocardial hemorrhage presence (OR, 0.34 [95% CI, 0.15–0.75]; P=0.008), and infarct size (coefficient, −3.41 [95% CI, −6.76 to −0.06]; P=0.046). IMR>40 was associated with heart failure hospitalization (OR, 5.34 [95% CI, 1.80–15.81] P=0.002), major adverse cardiac events (OR, 4.46 [95% CI, 1.70–11.70] P=0.002), and all-cause death/ heart failure hospitalization (OR, 4.08 [95% CI, 1.55–10.79] P=0.005). RRR was associated with heart failure hospitalization (OR, 0.44 [95% CI, 0.19–0.99] P=0.047). CFR was not associated with infarct characteristics or clinical outcomes. Conclusions: In acute ST-segment–elevationl infarction, IMR and RRR, but not CFR, were associated with MVO, myocardial hemorrhage, infarct size, and clinical outcomes.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Robertson, Dr Keith and Rocchiccioli, Dr John and McEntegart, Dr Margaret and McCartney, Dr Peter and Maznyczka, Dr Annette Marie and Eteiba, Professor Hany and Petrie, Dr Colin and Shaukat, Dr Aadil and Petrie, Professor Mark and Oldroyd, Dr Keith and Berry, Professor Colin
Authors: Maznyczka, A. M., Oldroyd, K. G., Greenwood, J. P., McCartney, P. J., Cotton, J., Lindsay, M., McEntegart, M., Rocchiccioli, J. P., Good, R., Robertson, K., Eteiba, H., Watkins, S., Shaukat, A., Petrie, C. J., Murphy, A., Petrie, M. C., and Berry, C.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing
Journal Name:Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions
Publisher:American Heart Assocation
ISSN:1941-7640
ISSN (Online):1941-7632
Published Online:15 May 2020
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2020 The Authors
First Published:First published in Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions 13(5):e008505
Publisher Policy:Reproduced under a Creative Commons licence

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Project CodeAward NoProject NamePrincipal InvestigatorFunder's NameFunder RefLead Dept
174049T-TIME Coronary Physiology StudyColin BerryBritish Heart Foundation (BHF)FS/16/74/32573Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences
303944BHF Centre of ExcellenceRhian TouyzBritish Heart Foundation (BHF)RE/18/6/34217CAMS - Cardiovascular Science
174049T-TIME Coronary Physiology StudyColin BerryBritish Heart Foundation (BHF)FS/16/74/32573Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences
190864A randomised parallel group double blind placebo-controlled trial of low dose adjunctive alteplase during primary PCI (T-TIME)Colin BerryNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR)12/170/45Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences