Heys, C. , Cheaib, B. , Busetti, A., Kazlauskaite, R., Maier, L., Sloan, W.T. , Ijaz, U.Z. , Kaufmann, J., McGinnity, P. and Llewellyn, M.S. (2020) Neutral processes dominate microbial community assembly in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 86(8), e02283-19. (doi: 10.1128/AEM.02283-19) (PMID:32033945) (PMCID:PMC7117918)
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Abstract
In recent years a wealth of studies have examined the relationships between a host and its microbiome across diverse taxa. Many studies characterise the host microbiome without considering the ecological processes that underpin microbiome assembly. In this study, the intestinal microbiota of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, sampled from farmed and wild environments was first characterised using 16s rDNA MiSeq sequencing analysis. We used neutral community models to determine the balance of stochastic and deterministic processes that underpin microbial community assembly and transfer across lifecycle stage and between gut compartments. Across gut compartments in farmed fish, neutral models suggest that most microbes are transient with no evidence of adaptation to their environment. In wild fish, we find declining taxonomic and functional microbial community richness as fish mature through different lifecycle stages. Alongside neutral community models applied to wild fish, we suggest declining richness demonstrates an increasing role for the host in filtering microbial communities that is correlated with age. We find a limited subset of gut microflora adapted to the farmed and wild host environment among which Mycoplasma sp. are prominent. Our study reveals the ecological drivers underpinning community assembly in both farmed and wild Atlantic salmon and underlines the importance of understanding the role of stochastic processes such as random drift and small migration rates in microbial community assembly, before considering any functional role of the gut microbes encountered.
Item Type: | Articles |
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Status: | Published |
Refereed: | Yes |
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Heys, Dr Chloe and Cheaib, Dr Bachar and Busetti, Dr Alessandro and Sloan, Professor William and Ijaz, Dr Umer and Kazlauskaite, Raminta and Llewellyn, Professor Martin |
Authors: | Heys, C., Cheaib, B., Busetti, A., Kazlauskaite, R., Maier, L., Sloan, W.T., Ijaz, U.Z., Kaufmann, J., McGinnity, P., and Llewellyn, M.S. |
College/School: | College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Infrastructure and Environment College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine |
Journal Name: | Applied and Environmental Microbiology |
Publisher: | American Society for Microbiology |
ISSN: | 0099-2240 |
ISSN (Online): | 1098-5336 |
Published Online: | 07 February 2020 |
Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2020 Heys et al. |
First Published: | First published in Applied and Environmental Microbiology 86(8): e02283-19 |
Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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