Davis, C. et al. (2020) Postexposure prophylaxis with rVSV-ZEBOV following exposure to a patient with Ebola virus disease relapse in the United Kingdom: an operational, safety, and immunogenicity report. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 71(11), pp. 2872-2879. (doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz1165) (PMID:31784751) (PMCID:PMC7778350)
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Abstract
Background: In October 2015, 65 people came into direct contact with a healthcare worker presenting with a late reactivation of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in the UK. Vaccination was offered to 45 individuals with an initial assessment of high exposure risk. Methods: Approval for rapid expanded access to the recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus–Zaire Ebola virus vaccine (rVSV-ZEBOV) as an unlicensed emergency medicine was obtained from the relevant authorities. An observational follow-up study was carried out for 1 year following vaccination. Results: 26/45 individuals elected to receive vaccination between October 10th and 11th 2015 following written informed consent. By day 14, 39% had seroconverted, rising to 87% by day 28 and 100% by 3 months, although these responses were not always sustained. Neutralising antibody responses were detectable in 36% by day 14 and 73% at 12 months. Common side effects included fatigue, myalgia, headache, arthralgia and fever. These were positively associated with glycoprotein (GP)-specific T-cell but not IgM or IgG antibody responses. No severe vaccine-related adverse events were reported. No-one exposed to the virus became infected. Conclusions: This paper reports the use of the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine given as an emergency intervention to individuals exposed to a patient presenting with a late reactivation of EVD. The vaccine was relatively well tolerated but a high percentage developed a fever ≥37.5oC necessitating urgent screening for Ebola virus and a small number developed persistent arthralgia.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | This work was supported by the US Food and Drug Administration (HHSF223201510104C), the German Research Foundation (197785619/SFB 1021), the MRC (MC_UU_12014/1), and Wellcome (102789/Z/13/A). |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | McMenamin, Dr James and White, Dr Beth and Davis, Dr Chris and Sabir, Dr Suleman and Gunson, Dr Rory and Evans, Professor Tom and Thorburn, Dr Fiona and Thomson, Professor Emma |
| Authors: | Davis, C., Tipton, T., Sabir, S., Aitken, C., Bennett, S., Becker, S., Evans, T., Fehling, S. K., Gunson, R., Hall, Y., Jackson, C., Johanssen, I., Kieny, M. P., McMenamin, J., Spence, E., Strecker, T., Sykes, C., Templeton, K., Thorburn, F., Peters, E., Restrepo, A. M. H., White, B., Zambon, M., Carroll, M. W., and Thomson, E. C. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > Mental Health and Wellbeing College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Virus Research |
| Journal Name: | Clinical Infectious Diseases |
| Publisher: | Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America |
| ISSN: | 1058-4838 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1537-6591 |
| Published Online: | 30 November 2019 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2019 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in Clinical Infectious Diseases 71:2872–2879 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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