The role of thiamine dependent enzymes in obesity and obesity related chronic disease states: a systematic review

Maguire, D., Talwar, D., Shiels, P. G. and McMillan, D. (2018) The role of thiamine dependent enzymes in obesity and obesity related chronic disease states: a systematic review. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 25, pp. 8-17. (doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.02.007) (PMID:29779823)

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Abstract

The WHO 2016 report indicates that worldwide obesity is rising, with over 600 million people in the obese range (BMI>30). The recommended daily calorie intake for adults is 2000 kcal and 2500 kcal for women and men respectively. The average American consumes 3770 kcal/day and the average person in the UK consumes 3400 kcal/day. With such increased caloric intake, there is an increased load on metabolic pathways, in particular glucose metabolism. Such metabolism requires micronutrients as enzyme co-factors. The recommended daily allowance (RDA) for thiamine is 1.3 mg/day and 0.5 mg thiamine is required to process 1000 kilocalories (kcal). Therefore, despite the appearance of being overfed, there is now increasing evidence that the obese population may nutritionally depleted of essential micronutrients. Thiamine deficiency has been reported to be in the region of 16-47% among patients undergoing bariatric surgery for obesity. Thiamine, in turn, requires magnesium to be in its active form thiamine diphosphate, (TDP). TDP also requires magnesium to achieve activation of TDP dependent enzymes, including transketolase (TK), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and alpha-keto glutaric acid dehydrogenase (AKGDH), during metabolism of glucose. Thiamine and magnesium therefore play a critical role in glucose metabolism and their deficiency may result in the accumulation of anaerobic metabolites including lactate due to a mismatch between caloric burden and function of thiamine dependent enzymes. It may therefore be postulated that thiamine and magnesium deficiency are under-recognized in obesity and may be important in the progress of obesity and obesity related chronic disease states. The aim of the present systematic review was to examine the role of thiamine dependent enzymes in obesity and obesity related chronic disease states.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Maguire, Donogh and McMillan, Professor Donald and Shiels, Professor Paul
Authors: Maguire, D., Talwar, D., Shiels, P. G., and McMillan, D.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cancer Sciences
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing
Journal Name:Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:2405-4577
Published Online:15 March 2018
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2018 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism
First Published:First published in Clinical Nutrition ESPEN 25: 8-17
Publisher Policy:Reproduced in accordance with the publisher copyright policy

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